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4-jadval
1.
N V
Noun Verb
Ot fe’l
John came
2.
N V р N
Noun Verb Preposition
Noun
Ot fe’l predlogli ot
John looked at
Mary
3.
N V N
Noun Verb Noun
Ot fe’l ot
John
saw Mary
4.
N is N
Noun is Noun
Ot is ot
John is a teacher
5.
N is p N
Noun is Preposition Noun
Ot is predlogli ot
John
is in bed
6.
N is D
Noun is Adverb
Ot is ravish
John is out
7.
N is A
Noun is Adjective
Ot
is sifat
John is angry
Mazkur konstruksiyalarda N (Ot) turli xil determinatorlar (masalan, artikl,
olmosh) hisobiga, V (Fe’l) ravislar, adverbial (ravishli) birikmalar
hisobiga kengayishi
mumkin. Ushbu yadro konstruksiyalarning bir-biri bilan yoki turli transformatsiyalar
asosida birikishi natijasida ingliz tilida boshqa turdagi gaplar hosil qilinishi mumkin.
Masalan,
The old man saw a black dog there jumlasi uchta yadro strukturaning
yig’indisi sanaladi: 1)
The man saw a dog there; 2) The man was old; 3) The dog was
black.
Generativ grammatikada yadro strukturalardan (
operandlar) turli shakliy
o’zgarishlar asosida asosiy ma’noni saqlagan holda ikkilamchi
sintaktik qurilmalarning
hosil qilinishi (
transformatsiyalar = transformalar), bu jarayondagi vositalar
(
operatorlar) va
transformatsiya hosil qilish modellari tadqiq etiladi.
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Masalan,
Salim keldi – Salimning kelishi – Salim kelgach – Salim kelganda – Salim kelishi
bilan…; Anvar xatni yozdi – Xat Anvar tomonidan yozildi.
Ushbu misollarda
transformatsiya uchun asos bo’lgan gap (
Salim keldi yoki
Anvar xatni yozdi kabi gaplar)
operand, transformatsiya natijasi bo’lgan hosila gap (
Salim kelgach,
Salim kelib yoki
xat Anvar tomonidan yozildi kabi sintaktik strukturalar)
transforma yoki
