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Analysis of literature on the topic
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| bet | 2/3 | | Sana | 12.07.2023 | | Hajmi | 102.25 Kb. | | #76655 |
Bog'liq Б.Я.Янгибоев 3-ma\'ruza, 101, 5, Авторлар-WOS- педагогикаAnalysis of literature on the topic. Issues related to the IT , origin and history of development of IT from foreign scientists Gromov G.R. (Информационные технологии эпохи Интернета.-М.:Наука,2004), Лойко В.И. (Современная цифровая экономика.-Краснодар, КубГАУ, 2018), Лапидус Л.В. (Цифровая экономика: управление электронным бизнесом и электронной коммерцией.-М.:ИНФРА, 2019). and found its reflection in the scientific researches of others.
Among the Uzbek scientists, the state of IT in our country and the issues of its development were discussed by S.S. Gulomov. and others (Modern information systems and technologies in the economy.-T.: IMPRESS Media, 2018 and Blockchain technologies in the digital economy.-T., 2019), Abdullaev O.M. (Digital economy. - T., 2020), Jumanazarov Q.S. (Digital economy.-Karshi, 2021) and others who conducted scientific research.
Research methods. The methodological basis of this study was formed based on the study of theoretical and practical information published on the nature, state and further development of IT in the economy, relevant laws and regulations, and scientific observation, comparison, historical and analytical methods of research were used.
Analysis and results. Entrepreneurial activity is the driving force and mediator of production, and it is based on the use of economic resources and profit. Those who are engaged in entrepreneurial activities are active people who implement new products, new technologies, even new types of business organization on a commercial basis. French economist Jean-Baptiste Sey is one of the scientists who paid attention to entrepreneurship in business management. In his opinion, an entrepreneur is embodied as "a person who is ambitious, enthusiastic, and uses production factors effectively." The English economist Hayek Friedrich August considered "entrepreneurs to be those who do not obey the wishes of others, who work independently, but do not work contrary to the laws of individual society."
According to some estimates, an average of 15-20% of the world's working population is engaged in entrepreneurial activities. In Uzbekistan, only 5-8 percent of high school graduates prefer to engage in entrepreneurial activities (O’lmasov A. Fundamentals of economic knowledge.-T.: G’afur G’ulom Publishing House, 2008, page 19). Americans promote entrepreneurs to high positions and consider them the "golden fund" of the country's scientific research. Bynday naming is a sign of high respect and attention to entrepreneurs.
Thus, an entrepreneur is an enthusiastic person who has full or partial material or financial resources, and he uses these resources to organize his work. The economic object (firm) created by him contributes to the economic development of the country. Encouraging entrepreneurs to acquire knowledge and knowledge in their fields of activity, and to take initiative in making risk-based decisions. the ability to take initiative, the ability to think deeply about economic processes, obedience to laws, innovative activity, goal-orientedness, organization, thrift, going beyond one's word, mental purity and honesty, vision for one's team are required.
Due to the absence of elements of choice in the economic system based on command, incomes are evenly distributed, the desire to equalize people materially takes the leading place, it is forbidden to get rich, and incomes are limited to a certain amount. As a result, conditions were created for the emergence of a hidden economy and corruption.
An important principle of the market economy is the economic choice, according to which the most entrepreneurial, the most business-like, the best producer, the best service provider wins the competition. The economic choice itself predetermines the achievement of high results.
Entrepreneurship is an economic activity characteristic of a market economy. In other words, it is a conscious and purposeful economic activity of the owners or their representatives to organize the production and exchange of goods and services in order to achieve a certain socio-economic result.
Since the first years of our century, the world has been observing the rapid development of IT-entrepreneurship, which is carried out with the help of the Internet network. It is known that IT entrepreneurship is implemented directly through the network of Internet technologies. The most important features of the Internet are its 24/7 operation, its location-independent nature.
In Uzbekistan, the process of conducting business activities through the use of the Internet network has begun, at the same time, it is at the initial stage of the full development of this process, including a significant increase in the number of Internet users.
Currently, the subject of IT business in our country is mainly books, audio, video cassettes and some types of services. The selection of the mentioned goods is explained by the relative ease of delivering them to the buyer. This is especially important for the poorly developed transport infrastructure in the republic.
The number of electronic stores and other service points operating in Uzbekistan is increasing year by year, but most of them are located in Tashkent. In these stores, you can buy electronic versions of printed publications, books, music and video CDs, computer games, medical goods and services, video editing equipment and software, and works of art. In addition to specialized electronic stores, there are also trading houses that offer a wide range of goods (auto parts, computers and household appliances, household goods, building materials, office furniture, etc.).
With the help of the Internet, it is also possible to use various services of companies operating in finance, recruitment, tourism, fund, real estate, computer and other markets. For example, www.korzinka.uz- for selling food products, www.yarmarka.uz - for buying technical products, you can show electronic stores. In Uzbekistan, IT-entrepreneurship should become a widespread form of online transactions and signing of businessmen's contracts. It is based on the newest information technologies and the global telecommunication network.
Today, Uzbekistan lags significantly behind developed countries in the development and use of infrastructure elements of the IT-business system. Due to the insufficient development of the national economy, Uzbekistan has little participation in the formation of a new economic order in the world.
In the current conditions of globalization, IT entrepreneurship is characterized by:
- the availability of sufficient specialists to support the management system using information at all stages of the development of each country, and their ability to use IT;
- availability of international agreements, standards and data exchange, information repositories for various purposes, multi-dimensional systems and objects;
-service of databases for IT development opportunities;
- development of IT solutions based on high-quality servers and local computing systems;
-expert systems (ES), decision support systems (DSS), executive support systems (ESS), computer translation systems (TCS) and availability of other technologies and tools;.
-production costs and the sufficiency of the conditions for their reduction.
Currently, there are a number of issues that are awaiting solution regarding the development of IT entrepreneurship in Uzbekistan. These include:
-Information exchange processes between IT business participants are not organized at the required level;
-solutions to ensure effective protection of intellectual property rights are insufficiently resolved;
-inadequate development of reliable mechanisms guaranteeing the security of e-business implementation in networks;
-Existence of pending issues regarding the training of qualified specialists who can work effectively in the IT-business system;
-The imperfection of the legal framework that regulates the interaction of IT-entrepreneurial participants;
-lack of special methodological instructions that serve to correctly assess the economic efficiency of Internet companies, including electronic stores;
-Due to the low rate of development of IT business systems, the possibility of creating additional jobs is limited, etc.
There are various areas of IT-entrepreneurship that can be implemented, it consists of electronic marketing (internet marketing), financing the organization of electronic stores, as well as their insurance, receiving orders, selling goods and payment. It can be applied to business operations, joint development of a new product or service by several companies, organization of joint production of a product, transportation services, cargo transportation techniques, and supply industries.
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