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Integration of Iot technologies into the Smart GridBog'liq sensors-22-02475-v23. IEC 61850 Data Model
IEC 61850 is the leading standard for substation automation [
15
,
16
]. It is intended
to structure the intelligence of protection, control, monitoring, and automation functions.
The standard fulfils automation architecture requirements for utility subsystems, enabling
communication among multi-vendor equipment.
IEC 61850 defines an object-oriented modeling of process data required for power
system automation. The IEC 61850 data model has been primarily defined for the exchange
of information within substations by the document IEC 61850-7-4 [
15
]. The IEC 61850 data
model has been extended for other domains, including distributed energy resources (DERs)
by IEC 61850-7-420 [
15
].
Figure
1
shows the main elements of the IEC 61850 data model. The top parent class is
the intelligent electronic device (IED), which is hosted by physical device, i.e., the controller
part of the device.
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2022
,
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, x FOR PEER REVIEW
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secured transactions. A RESTful API portrays a large number of classes of IoT applications
very well [28].
The adoption of a publisher/subscribe communication model based on the use of an
MQTT Broker for the distribution of information maintained by an IEC 61850 Server is
also a very important feature. IEC 61850 communication is based on a request/response
model; the IEC 61850 Client must issue a sequence of requests to the Server in order to
receive the updates of a particular piece of information. The use of an MQTT Broker allows
the user to receive updates each time a value changes, or each time a certain time interval
elapses. This improves the efficiency of the exchange of information with a server.
Mapping each piece of information exchanged with the IEC 61850 Server into the
JSON format is also very important; this allows a generic user to receive information in an
open format instead of receiving it according to the IEC 61850 protocol.
Finally, the mechanism to allow the user to acquire knowledge about the data type
descriptions of the data maintained by the IEC 61850 Servers seems to be strategic because
interoperability is a very important feature in the IoT. It is important to point out that this
feature is totally missing in all the other approaches available in the current literature.
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