• Getting Information on Mounted Disks
  • L in u X ba sics for h acke rs g e t t I n g s t a r t e d w I t h




    Download 7,3 Mb.
    Pdf ko'rish
    bet105/115
    Sana27.11.2023
    Hajmi7,3 Mb.
    #106243
    1   ...   101   102   103   104   105   106   107   108   ...   115
    Bog'liq
    linuxbasicsforhackers

    Unmounting with umount
    If you’re coming from a Mac or Windows background, you’ve probably 
    unmounted a drive without knowing it. Before you remove a flash drive 
    from your system, you “eject” it to keep from causing damage to the files 
    stored on the device. Eject is just another word for unmount.
    Similar to the 
    mount
    command, you can unmount a second hard drive 
    by entering the 
    umount
    command followed by the file entry of the device in 
    the /dev directory, such as /dev/sdb. Note that the command is not spelled 
    unmount but rather umount (no n).
    kali >umount /dev/sdb1
    You cannot unmount a device that is busy, so if the system is reading or 
    writing to the device, you will just receive an error.
    Monitoring Filesystems
    In this section, we look at some commands for monitoring the state of the 
    filesystem—a skill necessary for any hacker or system administrator. We’ll get 
    some info about mounted disks and then check for and fix errors. Storage 
    devices are particularly error prone, so it’s worth learning this skill.
    Getting Information on Mounted Disks
    The command 
    df
    (for disk free) will provide us with basic information on 
    any hard disks or mounted devices, such as CD, DVD, and flash drives, 
    including how much space is being used and how much is available (see 
    Listing 10-4). Without any options, 
    df
    defaults to all mounted drives. If 
    you want to check a different drive, simply follow the 
    df
    command with 
    the drive representation you want to check (for example, 
    df sdb
    ).
    kali >df
    Filesystem 1K-Blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
    rootfs 19620732 17096196 1504788 92% /
    udev 10240 0 10240 0% /dev
    --snip--
    /dev/sdb1 29823024 29712544 110480 99% /media/USB3.0
    Listing 10-4: Getting information on disks and mounted devices with df
    The first line of output here shows category headers, and then we get 
    the information. The disk space is given in 1KB blocks. On the second 
    line, we see that rootfs has 19,620,732 one-kilobyte blocks, of which it is 


    108
    Chapter 10
    using 17,096,196 (or about 92 percent), leaving 1,504,788 available. The 
    df
    command also tells us that this filesystem is mounted on the top of the 
    filesystem /.
    In the last line, you can see my USB flash drive. Note that it is designated 
    /dev/sdb1, is nearly 100 percent full, and is mounted at /media/USB3.0.
    As a recap, my virtual disk on this system is designated sda1, which 
    breaks down as follows:

    Download 7,3 Mb.
    1   ...   101   102   103   104   105   106   107   108   ...   115




    Download 7,3 Mb.
    Pdf ko'rish

    Bosh sahifa
    Aloqalar

        Bosh sahifa



    L in u X ba sics for h acke rs g e t t I n g s t a r t e d w I t h

    Download 7,3 Mb.
    Pdf ko'rish