Om qonuni. Drude xisoblashi bo’yicha elektronning ion bilan navbatdagi tuknashishidan keyinok uning tartibli xarakat tezligi nolga teng.
Faraz kilaylik, maydon kuchlanganligi o’zgarmas bo’lsin. Unda maydon ta’sirida elektron ![](data:image/png;base64,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) ga teng o’zgarmas tezlanishni oladi.
Xarakat ox ukida (tuknashish oldidan) tartibli xarakat tezligi quyidagi o’rtacha qiymatga erishadi.
Bu erda τ - elektronning ion bilan tuknashguncha bo’lgan o’rtacha vakt.
Drude elektronlarning tezliklar bo’yicha taksimotini xisobga olmadi. U xamma elektronlar uchun bir xil qiymatga ega deb qabul kildi.
λ - o’rtacha erkin yugirish masofasi, v - elektronlarning issiqlik xarakati tezligi.
(4) ni (3) ga kuysak:
tezlik u vakt bo’yicha chizikli o’zgaradi, shuning uchun uning o’rtacha qiymati maksimal qiymatining yarmiga teng.
Bizga ma’lum edi, demak:
Tok zichligi kuchlanishga proportsional chiqdi. Bizga ma’lum jqσE Om qonunining differentsial ifodasi edi. Buni solishtirib:
ifodasi topiladi.
Agar elektronlar panjara ionlari bilan tuknashmaganda edi erkin chopish masofasi, demak o’tkazuvchanlik cheksiz katta bular edi. SHunday qilib, metallarning elektr qarshiligini yuzaga keltiruvchi omil, erkin elektronlarning panjara ionlari bilan tuknashuvi ekan.
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