development of SHSs. An MAS reduces the total compu-
tational and data transmission time of the total system which
results in reduced energy consumption.
4.3. Image Processing (IP)-Based SHS.
Image processing in
SHSs deals with the analysis of data collected from single or
multiple cameras to obtain various services such as gesture
Heterogenous Data
Gas,
Smoke
and Flame
Sensor
Water
and
Humidity
Sensor
Pressure
Sensor
Light
Detector
IR Sensor
Camera
Data Storage
Data
Analysis
Data
Processing
Outdoor Alarm
Smart
Switch
Light
Sensor
Humidity
Sensor
Vibration Sensor
Water
Detector
Smoke
Detector
Magnetic Sensor
PIR Sensor
Temperature Sensor
Central
Controller
Camera
IR Sensor
Gas
Sensor
Home
Security
Energy
Management
Activity and
Gesture
Recognition
SHS for Elderly
and
Physically
Challenged
Appliance
Control
Remote
Monitoring and
Control
Environment
Monitoring and
Control
Da
ta
C
o
ll
ecti
o
n
D
at
a S
to
rag
e a
n
d P
ro
cessin
g
S
er
vice D
eli
ver
y
Figure
7: Smart home system.
8
Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering
control of smart homes [30], smart home security systems
based on object detection [31], gesture controlling features
for elderly people [32], and smart home antitheft systems
[29]. Since these image processing systems are dependent on
real-time videos and images from the smart home, image
processing-based SHSs generally have a high rate of data
transmission between the camera and the data processing
section. Image processing has been utilized by several au-
thors because of its wide range of functions, from antitheft
systems to elderly support. However, since cameras are
afected by shadows, distortions, insufcient light, and other
factors, the image processing system sometimes fails to
deliver the expected result.
