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comPIlAtIon: gAtheRIng the dAtA
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Bog'liq Judith A. Tyner. Principles of map design. New York. „The Guilford Press”, 2010comPIlAtIon: gAtheRIng the dAtA
Compilation is collecting and selecting all essential information needed for the prep-
aration of a map. There are two stages in the compilation process: deciding what data
are needed and gathering those data from a variety of sources.
kinds of compilation data
Two kinds of information must be collected when creating a map. These are base data
and thematic or primary data.
Base Data
The base data present a background reference for the thematic information in order
to make the theme of the map clearer and more easily understood. Base data are not
the focus of the map. They provide a structural framework for the design and help
the map reader to interpret and elaborate the purpose of the map. It is important that
only information that will help the reader be included in the base, but that enough
background data is supplied. Too much or extraneous information serves only to
clutter the map and is a source of confusion. Too little base information frustrates the
reader, making it difficult to relate the thematic information to the real world.
Dennis Fitzsimons has made a useful classification of base data as “internal”
or “external.” Internal base data include such things as administrative boundaries,
coastlines, cities, transportation routes, place-names, mountains, rivers, and lakes,
that is, geographic information on or within the mapped area itself. For a series of
maps these data form the base layer that will be used for all maps in the series and
together are called the base map. External base data include title, legend, scale, north
arrow, grid, and text. The external base data have an explanatory function. These
have been discussed in Chapter 2 as design elements and are also discussed in other
chapters. Therefore, only internal base data is discussed here. The projection chosen
is an important part of the base map; this topic is discussed in Chapter 6.
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