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Table 4. Types of conditionals.

TYPE

FUNCTION

EXAMPLE

Zero conditional

Express a fact or habit

If you mix blue and yellow
paint, it turns green.

First conditional

Express a realistic future consequence

If we work hard, we will be
prepared.

Second conditional

Express an unlikely or
impossible future consequence

If I were you, I would study more.

Third conditional

Express an unrealistic
past consequence

If you have called me, I would have told you about it.

Third type of conditionals (Second conditionals)

  • if + past simple, ...would + infinitive


(We can use “were” instead of “was” with ‘I’ and ‘he/she/it’. This is mostly done in formal writing).
It has two uses.
First, we can use it to talk about things in the future that are probably not going to be true. Maybe I’m imagining some dream for example.

  • If I won the lottery, I would buy a big house.(I probably won't win the lottery)

  • If I met the Queen of England, I would say hello.

  • She would travel all over the world if she were rich.

  • She would pass the exam if she ever studied.(She never studies, so this won't happen)

Second, we can use it to talk about something in the present which is impossible, because it's not true. Is that clear? Have a look at the examples:

    • If I had his number, I would call him. (I don't have his number now, so it's impossible for me to call him).

    • If I were you, I wouldn't go out with that man.


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