Task 1. Study the grammar materials and do the following tasks.
There are four types of conditional sentences.
It’s important to use the correct structure for each of these different types, because they express varying meanings.
Pay attention to verb tense when using different conditional modes.
Use a comma after the if-clause when the if-clause precedes the main clause.
Conditional sentences are statements discussing known factors or hypothetical situations and their consequences. We use them to communicate that something is true or happens only if something else is true or happens—that is, only under a certain condition. Complete conditional sentences contain a conditional clause (often referred to as the if-clause) and the consequence. Consider the following sentences:
If a certain condition is true, then a particular result happens.
I would travel around the world if I won the lottery.
When water reaches 100 degrees, it boils.
What are the different types of conditional sentences?
There are four different types of conditional sentences in English. Each expresses a different degree of probability that a situation will occur or would have occurred under certain circumstances (See table 4).
1. Zero conditional sentences
2. First conditional sentences
3. Second conditional sentences
4. Third conditional sentences
1. **Zero Conditional Sentences**: These sentences express general truths or facts. They use the simple present tense in both the if-clause and the main clause.
Example: If you heat ice, it melts.
2. **First Conditional Sentences**: These sentences express real or possible situations in the present or future. They use the simple present tense in the if-clause and the future tense (often with "will" or "going to") in the main clause.
Example: If it rains tomorrow, I will stay at home.
3. **Second Conditional Sentences**: These sentences express unreal or improbable situations in the present or future. They use the simple past tense in the if-clause and the conditional tense (with "would" or "could") in the main clause.
Example: If I won the lottery, I would buy a big house.
4. **Third Conditional Sentences**: These sentences express unreal situations in the past. They use the past perfect tense in the if-clause and the conditional perfect tense (with "would have" + past participle) in the main clause.
Example: If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.
Remember, it's essential to use the correct structure and verb tense for each type of conditional sentence to convey the intended meaning accurately. Let me know if you need more examples or explanations!
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