Task 1. Study the given grammar material. Table 7. Direct and reported speech.
Simple present
He said, “I like her”.
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Simple past
He said (that) he liked her.
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Simple past
She said, “I went to Paris”.
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Past perfect
She said that she had gone to Paris.
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Present continuous
She said, “I am waiting for him”.
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Past continuous
She said (that) she was waiting for him.
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Past continuous
She said, “I was writing a book”.
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Past perfect continuous
She said (that) she had been writing a book.
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Will
He said, “I will open the door”.
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Would
He said (that) he would open the door.
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Must
She said, “I must work hard”.
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Had to
She said (that) she had to work hard.
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There are two ways to report what someone says or thinks:
Direct Speech
Direct speech shows a person’s exact words. Quotation marks (“....”) are a sign that the words are the exact words that a person used.
Example
Hai asked, "Where are you going?" Manny replied, "I'm going home."
Reported Speech
Reported speech puts the speaker's words or ideas into a sentence without quotation marks. Noun clauses are usually used. In reported speech, the reader does not assume that the words are the speaker's exact words; often, they are a paraphrase of the speaker's words (See table 7).
Example:
Hai asked Manny where he was going. Manny said he was going home.
Note: Use of the word "that" is optional in reported speech. Both of the following sentences are correct:
The child said that they were lost.
The child said they were lost.
**Task 1: Speaking about multimedia devices**
Multimedia devices play a pivotal role in our daily lives, facilitating entertainment, communication, and productivity. From audio devices like MP3 players and Bluetooth speakers to video devices such as DVD players and streaming devices, there's a vast array of options catering to various needs and preferences. Gaming enthusiasts can enjoy the latest titles on gaming consoles or handheld devices, while virtual reality headsets offer immersive experiences. Mobile devices like smartphones and tablets have revolutionized how we access and consume media, providing a wealth of features and functionalities beyond traditional communication. Additionally, interactive whiteboards and projectors enhance educational and professional environments, fostering collaboration and engagement. With the continuous evolution of technology, multimedia devices continue to enrich our experiences, reflecting the diverse capabilities and applications they offer.
**Task 2: Reported Speech**
Reported speech is a way to convey what someone said without using their exact words. It involves transforming direct speech into indirect speech, often with changes in verb tenses and pronouns. In reported speech, quotation marks are omitted, and verb forms may shift according to the context. For instance, when reporting statements made in the simple present tense, we typically change them to the simple past tense in reported speech. Similarly, sentences in the past continuous tense become past perfect continuous, and so on. Additionally, the word "that" can be included or omitted in reported speech, depending on the context. Overall, reported speech allows us to convey others' words or thoughts effectively while integrating them into our own narrative.
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