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2-Mavzu. Kompyuterlarni tashkil qilishning raqamli mantiqiy asoslari
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| bet | 1/15 | | Sana | 04.04.2024 | | Hajmi | 0.57 Mb. | | #187210 |
6-7-8-Mavzu. Buyruqlar tizimi arxitekturasi
Plan
Machine in the language commands general formats and types
Operands save instead depending on classification
INTEL - x86 addressing
Reja
Mashina tilidagi buyruqlarning umum formatlari va turlari
Operandlarni saqlash joyiga qarab klassifikatsiyalash
INTEL – x86 adreslash
Given EHM performance possible which was _ commands to ' liq ro ' yxati Exposure commands system .
Commands of the system in architecture programmer for there is which was EHM tools determination usual holdir .
Commands of the system architecture software ta ' minot requirements EHM hardware options with mos coming engine as look possible .
Berilgan EHM bajarishi mumkin bo’lgan buyruqlarning to’liq ro’yxati EHMning buyruqlar tizimi deb nomlanadi.
Buyruqlar tizimining arxitekturasida dasturchi uchun mavjud bo'lgan EHM vositalarini aniqlash odatiy holdir.
Buyruqlar tizimining arxitekturasini dasturiy ta’minot talablariga EHM apparaturasi imkoniyatlari bilan mos keladigan vosita sifatida qarash mumkin.
Machine in the language commands general formats and types
Exposure data processing giving in the program commands _ _ _ sequence mos as done cast problem solves .
Therefore for computer application based on managed device . His basis processor ( CPU ) , memory and input-output devices formed does .
Mashina tilidagi buyruqlarning umum formatlari va turlari
EHM ma’lumotlarga ishlov berib dasturdagi buyruqlar (kommanda) ketma-ketligiga mos ravishda bajarilib quyilgan masalani yechadi.
Shuning uchun kompyuter dastur asosida boshqariladigan qurilmadir. Uning asosini protsessor (CPU), xotira va kiritish-chiqarish qurilmalari tashkil qiladi.
Machine in the language commands general formats and types
Computer commands of course uni processors identify gives _ These commands - binary count to the system based - a set of numbers ( code ) become machine language . _ _ Codes ( commands ) from the processor to the processor will change and spelling from 8 bits to 10 lab bytes to be possible . Demak this commands 100 and even more than 10,000 types available .
Mashina tilidagi buyruqlarning umum formatlari va turlari
Kompyuter buyruqlarini albatta uni protsessori aniqlab beradi. Bu buyruqlar – ikkilik sanoq tizimiga asoslangan – sonlar (kod) to’plami bo’lib mashina tili deb nomlanadi. Kodlar (buyruqlar) protsessordan protsessorga o’zgaradi va yozilishi 8 bitdan to 10 lab baytglargacha bo’lishi mumkin. Demak bu buyruqlarni 100 va hatoki 10000 dan ortiq turlari mavjud.
Machine in the language commands general formats and types
Machine in the language programming is what it is commands remember apply the mold with depending on which was complex process . Therefore _ programmers own work automation for special man tiliga close which was from the language ( English ) language based on ) translator applications created and uni til called compilers . _ From these compilers eng soddasi and often car commands known word or abbreviation adapt received called assembler language .
Mashina tilidagi buyruqlarning umum formatlari va turlari
Mashina tilida dasturlash – bu mana shu buyruqlarni eslab qolib, qo’llash bilan bog’liq bo’lgan murakkab jarayondir. Shu sababli dasturchilar o’z ishlarini avtomatlashtirish uchun maxsus inson tiliga yaqin bo’lgan tildan (ingliz tili asosida) tarjimonchi dasturlar yaratishdi va uni til kompilyatorlari deb nomlashdi. Shu kompilyatorlardan eng soddasi va ko’pincha mashina buyruqlarini ma’lum so’z yoki qisqartmaga moslashtirib olingani assembler tili deb nomlanadi.
Commands system architecture classification
Modern programming technology high level languages ( UDT ) _ as their _ basic purpose programming process is a relief . YuDT ga transition seriously problem gave birth to : UDT for specific which was complex operators simple car operations noticeable degree difference does .
Problem semantic delay called _ and his result of the program enough degree effective failure .
Semantic delay option eliminate reach for EHM functional developers three approach one and that's it mos as three BTA type one choose :
- of commands complete to the set has which was architecture : CISC ( Complex Instruction Set Computer );
- abbreviated commands _ to ' plami with architecture : RISC ( Reduced Instruction Set . Computer );
- very much long command words _ _ with architecture : VLIW ( Very Long Instruction Word ).
Buyruqlar tizimi arxitekturasi klassifikatsiyasi
Zamonaviy dasturlash texnologiyasi yuqori darajadagi tillarga (YuDT) yo’naltirilgan bo’lib, ularning asosiy maqsadi dasturlash jarayonini yengillashtirishdir. YuDT ga o’tish jiddiy muammo tug’dirdi: YuDT uchun xos bo’lgan murakkab operatorlar oddiy mashina operatsiyalaridan sezilarli darajada farq qiladi.
Muammo semantik uzilish deb ataladi va uning natijasi dasturning yetarli darajada samarali bajarilishmasligidir.
Semantik uzilishni bartaraf etish uchun EHM ishlab chiquvchilari uchta yondashuvdan birini va shunga mos ravishda uchta BTA turidan birini tanlaydilar:
- buyruqlarning to'liq to'plamiga ega bo'lgan arxitektura: CISC (Complex Instruction Set Computer);
- qisqartirilgan buyruqlar to’plami bilan arxitektura: RISC (Reduced Instruction Set. Computer);
- juda uzun buyruq so’zlari bilan arxitektura: VLIW (Very Long Instruction Word).
Command formats
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