Andrea Finardi Iot simulations with Cisco Packet Tracer

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2.3 (3)

2.3.3. Narrowband-IoT Overview

2.3.2 SigFox Overview
SigFox in a French company, founded in Toulouse in 2009, that created their own IoT
LPWAN proprietary solution on cellular-style networks.
SigFox architecture is based on single-hop connection between device and gateway
where network coverage is achieved by utilizing SigFox Network Operator (SNO) tele-
communication infrastructure. Receiving gateways are often hosted in the SNO cellular
towers. [14] [17]
Figure 2 - SigFox infrastructure [18]
SigFox operates at 869 MHz (Europe) and 915 MHz (North America) Industrial, Scientific
and Medical (ISM) radio bands and it utilizes Ultra Narrow Band (UNB) 100 Hz bandwidth
[19] in order to pass the signal through solid object. This allows the signal to be propa-
gated for many kilometres, also underground, allowing also power saving to the trans-
mitting devices.
There are no standard for LPWAN device power consumption however, 10 years while
utilizing two AA batteries, is the referred battery lifetime that IoT LPWAN devices should
achieve. [20]
Devices connected to SigFox are able to achieve maximum sending of 140 packets per
day with a payload of 12 Bytes per package with a maximum wireless throughput of 100
bps in the uplink channel [14]. Coverage of the network is directly based on the environ-
ment and can go from 1km to several tens of km in rural or open space areas.
The limitation of SigFox are coming from the throughput data restriction and the fact that
solution is a SigFox proprietary product, and not an open product like LoRaWAN.

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2.3.3. Narrowband-IoT Overview
Narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) it is a LPWAN solution developed by the 3
rd
Generation Part-
nership Project (3GPP) that is aiming to provide a bi-directional, cost-effective, simple to
use IoT network for connecting large amount of device while optimizing their power con-
sumption.
NB-IoT utilizes cellular networks frequencies and also aims to reutilize the building blocks
of the LTE connectivity layer while simplify the requirements for device hardware com-
plexity [21].
The NB-IoT specifications are currently frozen to release 13 [22].
The release 13 specifications have been agreed to provide an uplink and downlink band-
width of 250 kbps while utilizing a 180 KHz ultra narrowband signal. With an acceptable
latency between 1.6 and 10 seconds [23].
Advantages of Release 13 is to lower down the device transmission power to 20 dBm,
allowing a battery lifetime of more than 10 years with two standard AA batteries.
As the solution is coming from an extensive partnership of major telecom providers, one
advantage of this technology is built by making sure that NB-IoT can co-exist with exist-
ing GSM, UMTS and LTE networks.

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