TCP/IP steki bo‘yicha protokollarni ishlash sathlari
Amaliy sath
(Application layer)
HTTP, RTSP, FTP, DNS
Transport sath
(Transport Layer)
TCP, UDP, SCTP, DCCP (RIP, IP orqali ishlaydigan OSPF
kabi marshrutlash protokollari tarmoq sathining bir qismi)
Tarmoq (Internetwork)
(Internet Layer)
TCP/IP uchun bu IP (yordamchi protokollar, masalan, ICMP va
IGMP, IP orqali ishlaydi, lekin tarmoq sathiga tegishlidir; ARP
- bu tarmoq sathi ustida ishlaydigan mustaqil yordamchi
protokol)
Kanal sathi (Data link)
(Network Access Layer)
Ethernet, IEEE 802.11 WLAN, SLIP, Token Ring, ATM va
MPLS, fizik vositalar va ma’lumotlarni kodlash tamoyillari,
T1, E1
OSI model sathlari
Model
Sath (layer)
Ma’lumot turi
(PDU)
Funksiyalar
Misollar
Qurilmalar
Host
layers
7.
Amaliy
(application)
Ma’lumotlar
Tarmoq
xizmatlaridan
foydalanish
HTTP
,
FTP
,
POP3
,
WebSocket
Hostlar
(tarmoq
foydalanuvchil
ari)
6.
Taqdimot
(p
resentation)
Taqdimot va
ma’lumotlarni
shifrlash
ASCII
,
EBCDIC
5.
Seans (session)
Sessiyani
boshqarish
RPC
,
PAP
,
L2TP
4.
Transport
(transport)
Segmentlar
(segment)
/
Datagrammalar
(datagram)
Oxirgi qurilmalar
o‘rtasida
to‘g‘ridan-to‘g‘ri
aloqa
TCP
,
UDP
,
SCTP
,
PORTS
Media
layers
3.
Tarmoq
(network)
Paketlar
(packet)
Marshrutni
aniqlash va
mantiqiy
manzillash
IPv4
,
IPv6
,
IPsec
,
AppleTalk
,
ICMP
Marshrutizator
2.
Kanal (data
link)
Bitlar (bit)/
Kadrlar
(frame)
Fizik manzillash
PPP
,
IEEE 802.22
,
Ethernet
,
DSL
,
ARP
,
сетевая
карта
.
Switch, kirish
nuqtasi
1.
Fizik (physical)
Bitlar
(bit)
Media, signal va
ikkilik
ma’lumotlar
bilan ishlash
USB
, kabel
("o‘ralgan juftlik",
koaksial, optik
tolali), radiokanal
Hub
262
Sinfga asoslangan tarmoqlarni IP-manzillari oraliqlari va ularning qo‘llanilish
maqsadlari.
Zamonaviy telekommunikatsiya tarmoqlariga turli abonentlarni ulash strukturasi.
FullHD va 4K formatdagi vediotasvirlarni sifat jihatdan o‘zaro farqi.
263
4K formatdagi vediokonferensiya tashkil etish uchun kerakli vositalarga qo‘yiladigan
talablar.
Paketlarning uchta turi.
IP paketlarga MPEG-2 faylini inkapsulyatsiya qilish jarayoni
264
Turli xil videokonferentsaloqa rejimlari uchun mijozning shaxsiy kompyuter
talablari
Videoqo‘ng‘iroq uchun
Standart
sifat (SD)
Yuqori
sifatli
(HQ)
Sifat
yaxshilandi
(ED)
Yuqori
aniqlikdagi
sifat (HD)
HD (60 fps)
yoki FullHD
Ultra HD
(4K)
Kengaytma
320x180 @
10, 15, 30
fps
640x360 @
15, 30 fps
864x480 @ 30
fps
1280x720 @
30 fps
1920x1080 @30
fps, 1280x720 @
60 fps
3840x2160
@ 30 fps
Operatsion
tizim
Microsoft Windows 7/8/8.1/10, macOS 10.12+, Linux
Microsoft
Windows 10
Mijozlar
uchun
arizalar
Barcha mijoz dasturlarida ruxsatnomalar qo‘llab-
quvvatlanadi
TrueConf 7.2+
Markaziy
protsessor
AMD
Athlon
64
3000+ (2,0
GGts);
Intel Celeron
G3xxx
(ot
2,7 GGts);
Intel Celeron
3xxx
U
(ot
1,5 GGts);
AMD Ryzen
3 2xxx
U
(ot
2,5 GGts)
AMD
Athlon 64
X2 3800+
(2,0 GGts);
Intel
Celeron
G3xxx (ot
2,7 GGts);
Intel
Celeron
3xxx
U
(ot
1,7 GGts);
AMD
Ryzen
3
2xxx
U
(ot
2,5 GGts)
Intel Core i3-
3xx
M
, i5-4xx
birinchi avlod
(ot 2,1 GGts);
AMD Athlon
64 X2 (ot 2,4
GGts);
Intel Celeron
G3xxx (ot 2,7
GGts);
Intel Pentium
4xxx
Y
(ot 1,5
GGts);
AMD Ryzen 3
2xxx
U
(ot 2,5
GGts)
Intel
Core
i5-4xx
M
(ot
2,4 GGts);
Intel
Core
i5-3xxx
M
(ot
1,8
GGts);
Intel
Core
i5-2xxx
(ot
2,3 GGts);
AMD Athlon
II
va
Phenom
II
(ot
3,0
GGts);
Intel Celeron
G3xxx
(ot
2,7 GGts);
Intel Core i7-
2xxx
(ot
3,0
GGts);
Intel
Pentium
G4xxx (ot 2,9
GGts);
Intel Core i5-
7xxx
U
(ot 2,6
GGts);
AMD Ryzen 3
1xxx
(ot
3,1
GGts)
Ikkala
tomonda
ham
Intel
NUC8i7-ni
o‘rnatilgan
AMD
grafikasi
yoki
Intel
Core
i5-
8600 / i5-
9500
yoki
undan
yaxshi
protsessorli
boshqa har
qanday
kompyuterd
an
foydalanish.
Operativ
xotira
512 MB
1 GB
2 GB
ikki kanalli
rejimda 8 GB
DDR4 dan
Video karta
DirectX 8.0
mos
(64
MB)
DirectX 9c
mos
(128MB)
DirectX
9c
mos
keladi
(256MB)
DirectX
9c
mos
keladi
(512MB)
DirectX
10.0
mos,
512MB
(min.
NVidia
8600
GS,
Radeon
HD
2600 XT, Intel
GMA
X4500HD)
NVIDIA
GeForce
GTX 1050
yoki undan
yangi
versiyasi
Tarmoq
Ikkala
yo‘nalishda
128 kbit/s
ikki
yo‘nalishda
256 kbit/s
dan
har ikki
yo‘nalishda
ham 512 kbit/s
dan
ikkala
yo‘nalishda
ham 1 Mbit/s
dan
ikkala
yo‘nalishda ham
2 Mbit/s dan
har ikki
yo‘nalishda
ham 8
Mbit/s dan
Kamera
imkoniyati
har qanday
Logitech
®
: C920, C922, C930e, BCC950,
GROUP, PTZ Pro 2, ConferenceCam
Connect.
Microsoft
®
:
LifeCam
Studio,
LifeCam Cinema.
CleverMic
4K
4312UH
PTZ
kamerasini
ishlatish
uchun
Logitech
MeetUp,
Logitech BRIO,
Logitech
Rally
ta'qib
qilish
kartasi bilan.
265
Guruhli videokonferensiyalar uchun
Konferensiya
jarayonida
ko‘rinadigan
ishtirokchilar
miqdori
4 karnay uchun
9 karnay uchun
16 karnay uchun
36 karnay uchun
Kengaytma
har
bir
ishtirokchidan
720p gacha. Jami
2560x1440 gacha.
har
bir
ishtirokchidan
720p gacha. Jami
3840x2160 gacha.
har
bir
ishtirokchidan
720p gacha. Jami
5120x2880 gacha.
har bir ishtirokchidan
720p gacha. Jami
6400x3600 gacha.
Operatsion tizim
Windows 7 SP1/8/8.1/10, macOS 10.12+, Ubuntu 14.04+,
Debian 7.2.0+
Windows 8/8.1/10,
macOS 10.12+,
Ubuntu 14.04+,
Debian 7.2.0+
Markaziy
protsessor
Intel
Core
i5-
2xxx
M
(ot 2,3
GGts);
Intel
Core
i3-
3xxx
M
(ot 1,8
GGts);
Intel Core i3-5xx,
i5-6xx
birinchi
avlod
(ot
2,5
GGts);
Intel
Celeron
G3xxx
(ot
2,7
GGts);
Intel
Pentium
4xxx
U
(ot
2,1
GGts);
AMD Ryzen 3
2xxx
U
(ot
2,5
GGts)
Intel
Core
i5-
3xxx
M
(ot 2,5
GGts);
Intel Core i5-7xx,
i7-8xx
birinchi
avlod
(ot
2,6
GGts);
Intel Core i3-4xxx
(ot 3,0 GGts);
Intel
Pentium
G5xxx
(ot
3,1
GGts);
Intel
Core
i3-
7xxx
U
(ot
2,6
GGts);
AMD
Athlon
2xxGE (ot 3,2
GGts)
Intel Core i5-2xxx,
i7-2xxx (ot 2,7
GGts);
AMD FX (ot 4,0
GGts);
Intel Core i3-7xxx
(ot 3,9 GGts);
Intel
Core
i5-
7xxx
U
(ot
2,6
GGts);
AMD Ryzen
3
1xxx (ot 3,1 GGts)
Intel Core i5-3xxx,
i7-3xxx
(ot
3,0
GGts);
AMD FX (ot 4,0
GGts);
Intel Core i5-7xxx
(ot 3,0 GGts);
Intel Core i3-8xxx
(ot 3,6 GGts);
AMD
Ryzen
5
2xxx
U
(ot 2,0 GGts)
Operativ xotira
1 GB
2 GB
4 GB
Video karta
DirectX 10.0 mos,
512MB (min.
NVidia 8600 GS,
Radeon HD 2600
XT, Intel HD
Graphics 2000)
DirectX 10.0 mos,
512MB (min.
NVidia GT240,
AMD Radeon HD
5550, Intel HD
Graphics 2500)
DirectX 10.0 mos,
1GB (min. NVidia
GT630, AMD
Radeon HD 6570,
Intel HD Graphics
3000)
DirectX 10.0 mos,
2GB (min. NVidia
GT640, AMD
Radeon HD 6670,
Intel HD Graphics
4000)
Tarmoq
chiq. 1 Mbit/s
kir. 1.5 Mbit/s
chiq. 1 Mbit/s
kir. 2.5 Mbit/s
chiq. 1 Mbit/s
kir. 4 Mbit/s
chiq. 1 Mbit/s
kir. 4 Mbit/s
Kamera
imkoniyati
Logitech®: C920, C922, C930e, BCC950, GROUP, PTZ Pro 2, ConferenceCam
Connect. Microsoft®: LifeCam Studio, LifeCam Cinema.
266
Webinar tashkil etish uchun 7 ta mashxur platforma va ularning imkoniyatlari tahlili
Uskuna/Tasnifi
Google
Hangouts
Zoom
GetCourse
Skype
Cisco Webex
Meetings
Translяtsi
i
YouTube
Discord
Platforma
Web,
Android,
iOS, Chrome
Mac,
Windows,
Linux, iOS i
Android
Asosiy
funksional
- web,
Chatium-
iPhone,
Android
Windows,
MacOS,
Android, Linux,
iOS, Kindle Fire
HD, Xbox One,
Amazon Echo,
web
Windows,
MacOS,
Android. Linux,
iOS. web.
spetsustroystva
Web
Windows,
MacOS,
Linux,
Android,
iOS, web.
Konferensiya
ishtirokchilari
soni
250*
1000
500
50
Bitta ekranda 25
-
10 (50)**
Umumiy
chat
(ishtirokchilar
soni)
+ (150
ishtirokchiga
cha)
+ (150
ishtirokchigac
ha)
+
+
+
-
+
Ekran namoyishi
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
Fayl uzatish
+
+
n.d.
+
+
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100 Mb
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