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Read the article below. Fill in the gaps with appropriate word combinations:
executive information systems (EISs)
artificial intelligence (AI)
management information systems (MISs)
geographic information system (GIS)
transaction processing systems (TPSs)
decision support system (DSS)
Types of Information Systems
Typically, many types of information systems are used in businesses and other organizations.
Systems used to increase productivity and facilitate communications in the office include office
systems,
document processing systems, document management systems (DMSs), content
management systems (CMSs), and communications systems.
(1)
… perform
tasks that generally
involve the tedious recordkeeping that organizations handle regularly;
they usually include order
entry, payroll, and accounting systems.
These types of systems are most commonly used by operational managers.
(2)
… provide decision
makers – primarily middle managers – with preselected types of information. A
(3)
… helps middle
and executive managers organize and analyze their own decision making information.
(4)
… are
decision support systems customized to meet the special needs of executive managers. A
(5)
… is
an information system that combines geographic information with other types of data in order to
provide a better understanding of the relationships among the data.
Enterprise-wide systems include electronic data interchange (EDI), enterprise
resource planning
(ERP), inventory management systems, and product lifecycle management (PLM) systems.
Computers are widely used in industry to improve productivity at both the design stage – via
computer-aided design (CAD) – and the manufacturing stage – via computer-aided manufacturing
(CAM). The ability of some computer systems to perform in ways
that would be considered
intelligent if observed in human beings is referred to as
(6)
… . Currently, the four main types of
artificial intelligence (AI)
systems are intelligent agents, expert systems,
neural networks, and
robotics – the study of robot technology. Robots for military,
business, and personal use are
available today.
