• Install at least 1 Linux distribution (preferably Ubuntu)
  • Perform basic file management
  • Perform basic file editing operations using nano
  • Manage file permissions and ownership
  • Manage user and group accounts and related system files
  • Exercises & Discussions




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    INTRODUCTION TO LINUX

    Exercises & Discussions


    This covers basic skills that are common to major distributions of Linux.

    • Linux Installation and Package Management

    • GNU and Unix Commands

    • Devices, Linux Filesystems, Filesystem Hierarchy Standard


    Install at least 1 Linux distribution (preferably Ubuntu)


    Description:

    Candidates should be able to install a working linux distribution of choice.


    GNU and Unix Commands


    Work on the command line

    Description:

    Candidates should be able to interact with shells and commands using the command line. The objective assumes the bash shell.



    Key Knowledge Areas

    1. Use single shell commands and one line command sequences to perform basic tasks on the command line.

    2. Use and modify the shell environment including defining, referencing and exporting environment variables.

    3. Use and edit command history.

    4. Invoke commands inside and outside the defined path.

    Terms and Utilities

    • bash

    • echo

    • env

    • exec

    • export

    • pwd

    • set

    • unset

    • man

    • uname

    • history

    Perform basic file management


    Description: Candidates should be able to use the basic Linux commands to manage files and directories.

    Key Knowledge Areas

    1. Copy, move and remove files and directories individually.

    2. Copy multiple files and directories recursively.

    3. Remove files and directories recursively.

    4. Use simple and advanced wildcard specifications in commands.

    5. Using find to locate and act on files based on type, size, or time.

    6. Usage of tar, cpio and dd.

    Terms and Utilities

    • cp

    • find

    • mkdir

    • mv

    • ls

    • rm

    • rmdir

    • touch

    • tar

    • cpio

    • dd

    • file

    • gzip

    • gunzip

    • bzip2

    • file

    • globbing

    Perform basic file editing operations using nano


    Description:

    Candidates should be able to edit text files using nano. This objective includes nano navigation, basic, inserting, editing, deleting, copying and finding text.



    Key Knowledge Areas

    1. Navigate a document using nano.

    2. Insert, edit, delete, copy and find text.

    Manage file permissions and ownership


    Description:

    Candidates should be able to control file access through the proper use of permissions and ownerships.



    Key Knowledge Areas

    1. Manage access permissions on regular and special files as well as directories.

    2. Use access modes such as suid, sgid and the sticky bit to maintain security.

    3. Know how to change the file creation mask.

    4. Use the group field to grant file access to group members.

    Terms and Utilities

    chmod umask chown chgrp


    Manage user and group accounts and related system files


    add a user temba to the system with useradd,

    create a home directory with -m

    set user password with passwd

    adduser to group with usermod

    run id temba to see if user is member of the group

    add a group called finance with groupadd

    make temba a group administrator with gpasswd -A

    su to temba and see if you can add yourself as a member of a group with gpasswd -a

    run id and see that temba is not a member of the group finance

    less /etc/group and see that temba is an administrator of the group, by looking at the ::

    exit the su context

    create a directory /finance and copy some file to it.

    change the group on /finance with chgrp -r /finance - this will make all files owned by the finance group

    change the permissions on the directory and files so they are only accessible by the owner and group.

    i.e chmod -R 660 /finance/* and change the directory to chmod 770 /finance

    su to temba and observe that you cannot list the /finance directory or any file in it.

    use the gpwasswd -a temba command to make temba a member of the group finance

    observer that temba can enter the /finance directory and read files and create new ones

    exit su

    run groupdel finance. and do a ls -l /. Notice that the group id is displayed and not the group name.

    this is because deleting a group does not change ownership of files owned by that group.

    remove the /finance directory



    ls /home to see temba's home director

    delete temba with userdel -r, observe that the user home directory is also deleted.
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