Distributed systems
Network OSes do not hide the presence of a network from the user. The
network support in them does not determine the structure of the system and
enriches it with additional capabilities. There are also
distributed OSs that
allow pooling the resources of several computers in a
distributed system. It
appears to the user as one computer with multiple processors working in
parallel. Distributed and multiprocessor systems are two major categories of
OS that use multiple processors.
Data security
Data security in the OS means ensuring the reliability of the system (data
protection against loss in case of failure) and
protection of data against
unauthorized access (accidental or intentional). To protect against
unwarranted access, the OS should ensure the availability of
authentication
of users (such means allow to determine whether the users are actually who
they say they are. This is usually used for system passwords) and
their
authorization (to verify user rights which have been authenticated to
perform a specific operation).
User Interface
There are two types of user interaction means running:
shell ( shell ) and
a
graphical user interface ( GUI ). The command interpreter enables users to
interact with the OS using a special command language (online or through
startup) to execute batch files. Commands of this language force the OS to
perform certain actions (for example,
run applications, work with files).
The graphical user interface allows it to interact with the OS by opening
windows and executing commands with menus or buttons. There are many
approaches to implementing a GUI: for example, in Windows systems, its
support systems are built into the system, and in UNIX, they are external to
the system and rely on standard I / O controls.
Conclusions
❖
An operating system is a level of software that lies between the
levels of applications and computer hardware. Its main purpose - to
make use of computer systems easier
and improve efficiency
❖
The main functional components of the OS include process
management, memory management, I /
O management, file
management and file system support, network support, data
protection, user
interface implementation
