Termin
|
O’zbek tilidagi sharxi
|
Ingiliz tilidagi sharxi
|
Abrazivli
|
eyilishga chidamli yuza qatlamini olish, yanchish yoki turli materiallarni kesish uchun qo’llaniladigan bikr materialni tavsifi (odatda keramika).
|
A hard and wear-resistant material (commonly a ceramic)
that is used to wear, grind, or cut away other material.
|
Adgeziv
|
ikkita materialni o’zaro bog’lovchi modda.
|
A substance that bonds together the surfaces of two other materials (termed adherends).
|
Absorbtsiya
|
elektronlarni qo’zg’atish yoki polyarizatsiya yo’li bilan fotonlar energiyasini material yutish optik xodisasi.
|
The optical phenomenon by which the energy ofa photon of light is assimilated within a substance, normally by electronic polarization or by an electron excitation event.
|
Allotropiya
|
moddaning ikkita yoki undan ko’p kristallografik strukturasini mavjudligi ( odatda qattiq kimyoviy elementlar uchun).
|
The possibility of the existence of two or more different
crystal structures for a substance (generally an elemental solid)
|
Amorf
|
kristall struktura hosil qilmaydigan moddani tavsifi.
|
Having a noncrystalline structure.
|
Anizotropik
|
turli yo’nalishlarda bir hil xossaga ega bo’lmaslik.
|
Exhibiting different values of a property in different crystallographic directions.
|
Anion
|
manfiy zaryadlangan nometall zarracha.
|
A negatively charged ion.
|
Anod
|
elektrokimyoviy yacheyka yoki galьvanik juftlikda oksidlanish hosil bo’lishi yoki elektronlarni tarqalishi.
|
The electrode in an electrochemical cell or galvanic couple that experiences oxidation, or gives up electrons.
|
Tolalar bilan sinchlash
|
mustahkamligi past bo’lgan materiallarni yuqori mustahkamlikga ega tolalar bilan sinchlab mustahkamligini oshirish.
|
For precipitation hardening, aging above room temperature.
|
Ataktik
|
yon guruhlarni statik ravishda polimer zanjirining turli tomonlarida joylashadigan turdagi polimerlar tuzilishi.
|
type of polymer chain configuration (stereoisomer) in which side groups are randomly positioned on one side ofthe chain or the other.
|
Atom tebranishlar
|
moddaning o’rtacha holatiga nisbatan atomlarni tebranishi.
|
A measure of atomic mass; 1/12 of the mass of an atom of C12.
|
Atom raqami (Z)
|
kimyoviy elementning atom yadrosidagi protonlar soni.
|
For a chemical element, the number of protons within the atomic nucleus
|
Bipolyar tranzistor
|
elektr signallarni kuchaytiradigan p-r-p yoki
|
For semiconductors and insulators, the
energies that lie between the valence and conduction bands; for intrinsic materials, electrons are forbidden to have energies within this range.
|
Bronza
|
tarkibini asosan mis va qalay tashkil etgan qotishma; bronzalar tarkibida alyuminiy kremniy, nikelь va h.k. bo’lishi mumkin.
|
A copper-rich copper–tin alloy; aluminum, silicon, and nickel bronzes are also possible.
|
Vakansiya
|
odatda kristall panjaradan atom yoki ion chiqib ketgan joy.
|
A normally occupied lattice site from which an atom or ion is missing.
|
Valentli elektronlar
|
atomlar aro bog’lanishlarni hosil qilishda ishtirok etadigan yuqori energiyali elektronlar
|
The electrons in the outermost occupied electron shell, which participate in interatomic bonding
|
Vandervaalьs bog’lanishlar
|
qo’shni dipollar orasida molekulalar aro doimiy yoki hosil qilinadigan ikkilamchi bog’lanishlar.
|
A secondary interatomic bond between
adjacent molecular dipoles that may be permanent or induced.
|
Vintsimon dislokatsiya
|
parallelь tekisliklar bir biriga nisbatan spiralь hosil qilib siljishi natijasidagi kristallarning chiziqli nuqsoni.
|
The ratio of the magnitude of an applied shear stress to the velocity gradient that it produces—that is, a
measure of a noncrystalline material’s resistance to permanent deformation.
|
Vitrifikatsiya
|
o’zliksiz matritsani hosil qilib keramik mahsulotni yumshatish jarayonida sovutilishda suyuq fazaning hosil bo’lishi.
|
During firing of a ceramic body, the formation of a liquid phase that, upon cooling, becomes a glass-bonding matrix.
|
Vodorodli mo’rtlanish
|
vodorod atomlarini materiallga diffuziya qilishi natijasida metall qotishmalarni to’liq plastikligini yo’qotishi yoki uni pasaishi.
|
The ratio of the magnitude of an applied shear stress to the velocity gradient that it produces—that is, a
measure of a noncrystalline material’s resistance to permanent deformation.
|
Degradatsiya (destruktsiya)
|
polimer materiallarni yemirilish jarayonini ifodalaydigan termin.
|
Used to denote the deteriorative processes thatoccur with polymeric materials, including swelling, dissolution,and chain scission.
|
Deformatsion puxtalanish
|
rekristallanish haroratidan past haroratda plastik deformatsiyalash natijasida yumshoq materiallarni mustahkamligi va bikrligini oshirish
|
The quantity of mass diffusing through andperpendicular to a unit cross-sectional area of material perunit time.
|
Dipolь (elektrik)
|
bir biridan katta bo’lmagan oraliqda joylashgan, qarama qarshi znakli teng elektr zaryadlar juftligi.
|
A pair of equal and opposite electrical chargesseparated by a small distance.
|
Dislokatsiya
|
atomlarni tartibli joylashishi bo’lmagan kristalldagi chiziqli nuqson. Plastik deformatsiya bu dislokatsiyalarni ta’sir etuvchi kuchlanishlar natijasida siljishi. Dislokatsiyalar chekkali, vintsimon va aralashma bo’lishi mumkin.
|
A linear crystalline defect around which there isatomic misalignment. Plastic deformation corresponds to the
motion of dislocations in response to an applied shear stress.Edge, screw, and mixed dislocations are possible.
|
Difraktsiya (rentgen nurlari)
|
kristall atomlarini rentgen nurlarioqimini interferentsiyasi
|
Constructive interference of x-ray beamsscattered by atoms of a crystal.
|
Dielektrik
|
elektrizolyatsiyalovchi materiallar guruhiga tegishli har qanday modda.
|
Any material that is electricallyinsulating.
|
Dopishlash
|
bu yarim o’tqazgichlarga chegaralangan miqdorda maqsadli ravishda donor va aktseptorli legirlovchi qo’shimchalarni kiritish.
|
The quantity of mass diffusing through andperpendicular to a unit cross-sectional area of material perunit time.
|
Kinetika
|
reaktsiya tezligi va ularga ta’sir etuvchi faktorlarni tadqiqoti
|
The study of reaction rates and the factors that affect
them.
|
|
