Neonatal Intensive Care Drug Manual

Bioavailability of oral azithromycin is 38%.¹³

Eberly et al¹⁴ reviewed 2466 children who developed infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis. Azithromycin exposure in the first 14 days had an odds ratio (OR) of 8.26 and, at 15–42 days, an OR of 2.98. No association was identified between day 43 and day 90. A systematic review of 11 articles involving 473 neonates found no significant difference in the incidence of elevated liver enzymes between the azithromycin and placebo group and reported 4 cases of infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (<1%).¹⁵