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Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
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Bog'liq tox exposure guidelines (1)Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). In 1971, the Occupational Safety
and Health Administration (OSHA) promulgated Permissible Exposure Limits (PELs). These
limits were extracted from the 1968 TLVs, the ANSI standards, and other federal standards. The
PELs are found in 29 CFR 1910.1000. Since then, additional PELs have been adopted and a few
of the originals have been changed. These have been incorporated into specific standards for
chemicals (e.g., 29 CFR 1910.1028 - Benzene). There are also standards for thirteen carcinogens
in which there is no allowable inhalation exposure.
In 1989, OSHA published major revisions to the PELs. Since only a few of the PELs had been
updated since 1971, it was decided to update the entire list of PELs by changing existing ones
and adding new ones. Again, OSHA looked to the TLVs, but also considered recommendations
from the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
Because OSHA is a regulatory agency, their PELs are legally enforceable standards and apply to
all private industries and federal agencies. They may also apply to state and local employees
depending upon the state laws.
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). The National Institute for
Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) was formed at the same time as OSHA to act as a
research organization. It is charged, in part, with making recommendations for new standards
and revising old ones as more information is accumulated. The exposure levels NIOSH has
researched have been used to develop new OSHA standards, but there are many Recommended
Exposure Limits (RELs) that have not been adopted. Thus, they are in the same status as the
exposure guidelines of ACGIH and other groups. The RELs are found in the "NIOSH
Recommendations for Occupational Health Standards" (see Appendix II).
American Industrial Hygiene Association (AIHA). The American Industrial Hygiene
Association has provided guidance for industrial hygienists for many years. In 1984, AIHA
developed exposure guidelines that it calls Workplace Environmental Exposure Level Guides
(WEELs). These are reviewed and updated each year. Appendix III has the current list of
WEELs. While the list is not as large as others, AIHA has chosen chemicals for which other
groups do not have exposure guidelines. Thus, they are providing information to fill the gaps left
by others.
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