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Original version Date: 1/4/2020
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| bet | 499/654 | | Sana | 03.01.2022 | | Hajmi | 1,5 Mb. | | #14803 |
Original version Date: 1/4/2020
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Author: TC, KOH
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Current Version number: 2
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Current Version Date: 2/3/2021
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Risk Rating: Low
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Due for Review: 2/3/2026
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Approval by: DTC
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Approval Date: TBA
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Prednisolone |
Revision Date : 07/12/2020
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Approved: NS, KOH
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Indication :
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1)Asthma, croup
2)Chronic lung disease.
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Dose :
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mg/Kg/dose
2)1 mg/kg/dose twice a day for 5 days, followed by 1 mg/kg/dose daily for 3 days, followed by 1 mg/kg/dose every other day for 3 doses (*)
(*)This therapy was used in 131 premature babies with CLD at ≥36 weeks of GCA and it showed weaning of supplemental oxygen in patients with capillary pCO2 <48.5 mmHg and pulmonary acuity score <0.5 (Bhandari 2008).
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Interval :
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1)Every 12-24 hours
2)Every 12 hours for 5 days, then daily for 3 days and then every other day for 3 doses.
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Route :
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Orally
Ideally should be given with feeds to decrease gastrointestinal side effects.
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Total Daily Dose :
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1 and 2) 1-2 mg/kg/day. Use lowest dose possible.
Maximum 60 mg/day
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Comments :
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1mg prednisolone is equivalent to 4mg hydrocortisone in glucocorticoid activity. Single daily doses are best given in the morning and with feeds.
May suppress linear growth. Consider bone mineral density assessment for patients receiving large and long term doses of oral steroids.
Immunosuppressant. Steroids may mask signs of infection.
Prolonged treatment may cause adrenal suppression and atrophy may occur and secretion of corticotropin may be suppressed. In this situation withdrawal of steroids should be gradual. The lowest possible effective dose should be used to treat the condition.
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Side effects:
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Electrolyte imbalance, kypokalemic alkalosis, oedema, hyperglycaemia, adrenal axis suppression, osteoporosis, fractures, infections, poor growth, GI irritation (with ulceration), myasthenia, skin atrophy, cataracts
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Supplied as :
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Oral solution 5 mg/ml
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Dilution :
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Stability :
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Storage :
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Room temperature, protect from light.
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Compatibility:
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Incompatibility :
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Serum Levels :
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References:
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Australian Medicine handbook. Children Dosing Companion. July 2020.
Drug Doses. Frank Shann, 17th Edition, 2017.
Uptodate 2020.
MIMS Online. December 2020.
Effects of a Short Course of Prednisolone in Infants with Oxygen-Dependent Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia. Pediatrics vol 121, number 2, February 2008.
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Original version Date: 9/1/2014
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Author: AK, JD
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Current Version number: 2
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Version Date: 7/12/2020
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Risk Rating: Medium
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Due for Review: 7/12/2025
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Approved by: DTC
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Approval Date: TBA
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Propofol |
Revision Date : 19-12-2018
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Approved: TC, KOH
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Alert
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Not advised in haemodynamically unstable neonates.
Propofol is not recommended for induction and maintenance of anaesthesia in neonates. There are no data to support the use of propofol infusion for sedation of premature neonates receiving intensive care.
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Indication
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Premedication for (1) endotracheal intubation and (2) MIST (Minimally Invasive Surfactan Therapy) or InSurE (Intubation, surfactant and extubation) procedure.
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Action
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The mechanism of action is poorly understood. Propofol is thought to produce its sedative/anaesthetic effects principally by the positive modulation of the inhibitory function of the neurotransmitter GABA through GABAA receptors.
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Drug Type
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General anaesthetic, sedative.
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Trade Name
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Diprivan, Fresofol 1% injection, Fresofol MCT-LCT 1% emulsion, Propofol –
Hospira/Lipuro/Sandoz, Provive 1%, Provive MCT-LCT 1%
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Presentation
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Ampoule, vial or prefilled syringe 200 mg/20 mL, 500 mg/50 mL or 1 g/100 mL
Propofol is a milky-white oil in water emulsion.
pH 6 to 8.5.
Diprivan contains glycerol, soya oil, egg lecithin, disodium edetate and sodium hydroxide. Propofol Sandoz and Provive 1% contain glycerol, soya oil, egg lecithin and sodium oleate.
Fresofol contains glycerol, soya oil, egg lecithin, oleic acid and sodium hydroxide.
Fresofol MCT-LCT, Propofol-Lipuro and Provive MCT-LCT contain soya oil, medium chain, triglycerides, glycerol, egg lecithin and sodium oleate.
Fresofol MCT-LCT contains sodium hydroxide.
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