Evidence
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Acetylcysteine is used for acetaminophen poisoning and as adjuvant therapy in respiratory conditions in paediatric patients. It also exhibits a mucolytic action through its free sulfhydryl group, which opens up the disulfide bonds in mucoprotein to decrease mucus viscosity. For treatment of meconium ileus (MI) or distal intestinal obstruction syndrome (DIOS), acetylcysteine can be given enterally by mouth or by feeding tube. When administered orally, acetylcysteine has been associated with uncommon adverse effects including nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, dyspepsia and skin rashes. Repeated administration by enema has been associated with hypernatraemia and liver injury.
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