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“PEDAGOGS”
international research journal ISSN
Pdf ko'rish
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| bet | 239/275 | | Sana | 13.05.2024 | | Hajmi | 30,71 Mb. | | #228485 |
Bog'liq 20-5-PB“PEDAGOGS”
international research journal ISSN:
2181-4027
_SJIF:
4.995
www.pedagoglar.uz
Volume-8, Issue-4, April - 2022
261
2) inkor (bo’lishsizlik) olmashlari yoki ravishlari yordamida (nemo, nihil, nullus,
numquam, nusquan).
Ingliz tilida negativlik kategoriyasini tadqiq qilish bo’yicha olib borilgan
tadqiqotlar natijasida mazkur tilda negativlik kategoriyasining ifodalanish usullari
aniqlangan. Hozirgi zamoy ingliz tilida bo’lishsizlik tushunchasi suffikslar,
prefikslar, inkor olmoshlari va ravishlari orqali ifodalanadi:
a) affikslar yordamida ifodalangan negativlik kategoriyasi tilning leksik
qatlamida uchrab, ular asosan leksik birliklarning antonimini namoyon qilish bilan
gapning bo’lishsizlik (inkor) shakllarini ham ifodalaydi. Masalan:
father-fatherless,
understand-misunderstand,
order-disorder,
appear-disappear,
conductor-
nonconductor, equal-unequal, dress-undress, aircraft-antiaircraft, revolution-
counterrevolution, direct-indirect, possible-impossible, rational-irrational, legal-
illegal
va boshqalar.
b) negativlikning ifodalanishida eng maxsuldor usul inkor yuklama
“not”
gaplarda kesim o’rnida kelgan fe’l, ot, sifat, son kabilardan oldin yordamchi yoki
bog’lama fe’llarga qo’shilishi bilan ifodalanadi:
I didn’tlike him.
There was not any need to insult her.
He couldn’t be wrong three times.
You haven’t had much practice
c) negativlikni ifodalashning leksik usuli ham mavjud bo’lib, ular bo’lishsizlik
(inkor) olmoshlari, ravishlari, bog’lovchilar yordamida ifodalanadi;
no, neither
...
nor, no one, nobody, nothing, none, nowhere.
Natijada, inkor olmoshlarini bohqa olmoshlar qatoriga qo’shish yoki
ularni alohida olmosh qilib ajratish ham bahstalab masalalardan biriga aylandi.
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