Basics of symbolization 137
pattern, texture, and orientation (Figure 7.5). The other variables of location, crisp-
ness,
transparency,
resolution, and perspective height have less acceptance.
Form or shape is the primary distinguishing variable. Differences in shape are not
normally used to symbolize differences in quantity, but to identify kinds of objects—
for example, circles for towns, stars for capital cities, and the like. In other words,
shape differentiates between nominally classified phenomena (Figure 7.6).
