Reconfiguration: to mitigate or effect DoS attacks, a possible solution is the
reconfiguration of the network architecture, like altering the topology of the victim or
network intermediary by adding more sources to the victim or by isolating attack
devices.
3.2 Physical level mitigation
Because wire networks are used in local systems in SG, the wireless jamming becomes the
main DoS attack on wireless energy networks, especially in some scenarios involving
distribution and transmission systems (fig. 1). Thus, wireless communication that is
resistant to jamming attacks, is very important for SG applications to deal with these
attacks and maintain continued transmission of information [6]. There has been significant
progress in the development of wireless network shapes which are resistant to jamming
attacks. Schemes like these may be designed either coordinated or uncoordinated.
Coordinated protocols are conventional against jamming attacks transmission schemes
already explored in the field of wireless communications [7]. They can be categorized as
Dispersion by direct sequence spectrum (DSSS), Frequency switching spectrum dispersion
(FHSS) and Dispersion frequency slip spectrum (CSS). However, the issue related to the
coordinated protocols is that the secret, such as the direct sequence in DSSS and the
switching pattern in CSS, is considered confidential to others (for instance, of attackers).
This assumption does not apply to standards open communication, such as WiFi and
cellular networks [8]. Therefore, coordinated protocols are vulnerable to deliberate attacks
with knowledge of their information protocol.
Fig.1. Esential Smart Grid components [9].
Uncoordinated protocols have potential for securing wireless communication in
distributed environments. Uncoordinated protocols need the transmitter and receiver to
share an advanced known secret between them [10, 11, 12]. They accidentally create a
secret (for example, the pattern switch to FHSS) for each transmission and avert attacks
from the acquisition of adequate knowledge to disrupt communication. The standard FHSS
and DSSS, have indeterminate equivalents of UFHSS and UDSSS respectively.
