Units 1 -2
Answer key
1
People and relationships
Exercise 1
1 shines
Tense: Present sim ple
Rule number: 2
2 have you been
Tense: Present perfect sim ple
Rule num ber: 3
3 does the bus leave
Tense: Present sim ple
Rule number: U
U went/didn't like
Tense: Past simple
Rule number: 2
5 has seen
Tense: Present perfect simple
Rule number: 1
6
crossed Tense: Past sim ple
Rule number: 3
Exercise 2
1 has improved
2 disregarded
3 have invested
U visit
5 partake
6 also had
7 include
8 brought
9 created
10 destroys
Exercise 3
1 do you live
2 come
3 have lived
U moved
5 Do you
6 live
7 do
8 live
9 share
10 goes
11
Do you like
12 love
13 arrived
U
didn't like
15 have grown
16 know
17 have
18 has M oscow changed
19 has become
20
have opened
21 eat
22 have
23 came
OR have come
24 meet
Exercise
U
Own answ ers
2 Free time
Exercise 1
1 have you been doing
Tense: Present
perfect continuous
Rule number: 2
2 am watching
Tense: Present
continuous
Rule number: 1
3 has been increasing
Tense: Present
perfect continuous
Rule number: 1
U w as having
Tense: Past continuous Rule number: 3
5 were walking
Tense: Past continuous
Rule number: 1
6 am reading
Tense: Present continuous
Rule number: 3
Exercise 2
1 I don't agree
2 I am having
3 I like
U Do you mind
5 I'm thinking
Exercise 3
The am ount of leisure time available to people has
been increasing since the early twentieth century
when m achines started to be invented to do many
labour intensive ta sks both at w ork and in the home.
Previously, people were spending
many more hours
doing basic menial ta sks and as a result had less
time available for hobbies and activities. Although
recently many people have been complaining about
their work life balance, studies show that the amount
of free time we have has been rising continuously
for over 50 years. More people are playing sport on a
regular basis nowadays and young people are taking up
traditional style hobbies such as knitting and walking
in the countryside. There has also
been a large amount
of government investment in leisure facilities in local
communities, which has assisted the uptake of hobbies
for a range of people including children and the elderly.
A few years ago, visitors to a local park would see
people who were playing football or walking their dog.
However, nowadays people are using the gym or a
climbing wall as their way of sporting recreation.
Answer key
Summary
1 has been increasing
2 are playing
3 are taking up
Exercise
U
a 1 has
been rising
2
are still buying
(Note:
the number + sin gular verb)
b 1 were viewing
2 were watching
Exam practice model answer
This graph show s the kinds of activities done by old people
in their spare time, covering a period from the 1980s to
now in Europe. We can see that generally the activities
listed have been increasing in popularity amongst the
elderly, with hiking increasing steadily throughout the
years, and playing sport being the most popular overall.
In the 1980s, nearly all activities were growing in
popularity. The only activity which w as becoming less
popular over these years w as going to the theatre.
Going to the theatre declined steeply from 5 0 % to 30%.
This changed in the 1990s, and going to the theatre
became more popular, w hereas reading saw a
dramatic drop in popularity. The num ber of people
doing all other activities increased.
This century, hiking, reading, going to the theatre
and surfing the Internet have all been increasing in
popularity. However, playing sport has been decreasing
in popularity. Despite this, playing sport is still the second
most popular activity nowadays am ongst this group. Most
elderly people are hiking nowadays in their spare time.
(173 words)
Note the tenses in both the continuous and simple.
3 Fame
Exercise 1
1 hadn't cared
Form: past perfect
2 used to respect
Form: used to
3 would dream
Form: would
4 hadn't earned
Form: past perfect
5 had always thought
Form: past perfect
6 had been waiting
Form: past perfect continuous
Exercise 2
1 had lived
2
had never travelled
3 used to work
U ‘d been w orking
5 had travelled
6 had appeared
Exercise 3
Making money out of other people's fame is a highly
specialized skill, but one that can bring great rewards
to those who practise it proficiently. Marianne Beretoli
is one of those people; she owns a company which
sells information about celebrities to other celebrities
as a kind of careers advice service. Although she was
born in France, she used to dream of moving to the
USA, specifically Hollywood. Whilst studying business
at university Beretoli was known for
her innovative
approach to applying theory to practice and she
would
te often challenge the ideas of her tutors. When she
had graduated, Beretoli worked in Paris and tried
unsuccessfully to set up her own marketing agency.
Then she decided to move to the U SA and within months
realised that she
had boon making
made the right
decision. She moved from Paris to Los Angeles in 1995
and after she had been working as an assistant for an
advertising agency for a few years, she had
set up her
own company providing information services to the rich
and famous.
