• IT Act and e-commerce
  • Legal Issues in e-commerce




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    Legal Issues in E Commerce

     
    IT act 
    The Information Technology Act, 2001, makes India only twelfth country in the world to 
    have such a comprehensive legislation for ecommerce. This Act has led to amendments 
    in the Indian Penal Code, the Indian Evidence Act, 1872, and the RBI Act, 1934 to make 
    them align with the requirements of digital transactions.
    The IT Act essentially seeks to address three areas or requirements for the digital era:
    (1) To make e-commerce transactions possible 

    both business to business and 
    business to consumer
    (2) To make e-governance transactions possible 

    both government to citizen and 
    citizen to government
    (3) To prevent cybercrimes and regulation of the Internet 
    IT Act and e-commerce 
    There is one more WTO agreement that has an indirect bearing on e-commerce and 
    In
    dia’s strategic position. This is the Information Technology Agreement (ITA) negotiated 
    post-Uruguay Round and embodied in the WTO Ministerial Declaration on Trade in 
    Information Technology Products. The agreement went into effect in March 1997 and 
    provides for its participants to eliminate customs duties and other duties and charges on 
    information technology products by the year 2000 on MFN basis. The agreement relates 
    to IT, telecom, semi-conductor, and scientific equipment and products. It includes 
    software, but only on a hard medium such as diskettes and CDs, etc. It would, therefore, 
    not cover digital commerce or on-line transactions of software. India is one of the 40 
    signatories to this agreement but, being a developing country, has till 2005 to harmonise 
    with the agreement.
    The basic principle behind this agreement was the further liberalization of the info-
    communications sector. Though there has been much debate on the way this agreement 
    was negotiated, ignoring developing countries views, for India it means progressing 
    towards the zero duty regime in the phased manner

    something that the country has 


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    already been doing for IT products. At the macro-economic level the agreement aims at 
    reducing the cost of hardware

    therefore, leading to a subsequent positive impact on the 
    cost of service provisioning. Although the hardware sector in the country may have 
    misgivings with this, so far as e-commerce and the software sector is concerned, this 
    movement should result in cheaper products and, therefore, growth in e-commerce 
    services. For consumers, this means cheaper products and services, and for the 
    economy a possible impetus to the growth of networks. For the country as a whole
    however, this could possibly mean two things:
    (a) that the new opportunities in the ICT sector and hardware may be swamped by 
    multinationals,
    (b) that the IT sector becomes even more software and e-commerce centric.
    The last few years have shown that in the first some Indian companies are also benefiting 
    from the opportunities; so far as the second is 
    concerned, that is the country’s primary 
    competitive advantage and the software industry should benefit from the growth in the 
    market of standardized software products and applications. 

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