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BO'UM. O'QUV FAOLIYATINI TASHKIL ETISH
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| bet | 132/223 | | Sana | 19.11.2023 | | Hajmi | 1,64 Mb. | | #101288 |
Bog'liq Maktabgacha pedag-www.hozir.org (1)BO'UM. O'QUV FAOLIYATINI TASHKIL ETISH
BOB. Maktabgacha ta’lim muassasalarida pedagogik jarayonni tashkil etish MTMda bolalar hayotini tashkil etish
Fiziologiya, gigiyena, psixologiya, pedagogika sohasida olib borilgan ilmiy-tadqiqotlar natijasida MTMda kichkintoylar hayotini tashkil etishning quyidagi prinsiplari yuzaga keldi:
Har bir yosh guruhda bolalarni jamoatchilik ruhida tarbiyalash va bolaning har tomonlama rivojlanishini ta'minlaydigan shart-sharoitlar yaratish.
Bolalarni yosh guruhlariga taqsimlashda har bir guruhga faqat bir xil yoshdagi bolalarni tanlash va shunga qarab ta'lim- tarbiya jarayonini tashkil etish.
Bolalarning har xil faoliyat bilan shug'ullanishlari va bir- birlari bilan muloqotga kirisha olishlari uchun zarur moddiy muhitni yaratish. Buning uchun guruh xonasi va maydonchani gigiyenik, pedagogik, estetik talablar darajasida kerakli asbob- anjomlar bilan ta'minlash.
Bolalarning yoshiga mos kun tartibiga rioya qilish va uning barqarorligini ta’minlash.
Bolalar shaxsini shakllantiradigan faoliyat turlarini (o'yin, mehnat, taiim] tashkil etish va bu faoliyatlar uchun kun tartibidan maium vaqt ajratish.
Bolalarning har xil faoliyatlarini ilmiy asoslangan prinsiplar asosida almashtirib borish MTMning har xil yosh guruhlarida bolalar hayotini to'g'ri tashkil etish.
Developing expertise requires both a foundation of factual knowledge and skills and a conceptual understanding that allows facts to become “usable” knowledge. In the preschool years, key concepts
can be quite basic and therefore easily overlooked. In mathematics, for example, children need to develop more than verbal counting skills and number recognition. They need to grasp “quantity.” Similarly, emergent literacy requires not just that children recognize letters, but that they grasp the concept of “representation” involved in written words and illustrations. Because the preschool years are a time when children are rapidly developing skills and acquiring new knowledge, the importance of concepts can be overlooked. Curricula can be judged on the extent to which they promote learning ofconcepts as well as information and skills.
Fundamental va qo‘shimcha olinayotgan bilim, o‘quv mashqlari samaradorli bo'lishi uchun ikkala bilimni rivojlantirish zarur, bilim va o‘quv mashqlari konseptual tushunchani ishlatishga ko'maklashadi. Maktabgacha ta’limda juda e'tibor bilan yondashish zarur. Misol uchun, matematikada nafaqat hisob-kitobni o‘rgatish, balki sonlarni taniy olish xususiyatini ham rivojlantirish zarur. Ular miqdorini ham tushunishlari shart. Huddi shunday yozishda ham bolalar nafaqat harflarni taniy olishlik, balki so‘zlar nima ma’noni anglatishini, xatda nima yozilganligi haqida ham bilishlari zarur. Maktabgacha bo‘lgan yoshda bolalar bilim darajasi tez rivojlana boshlaydi va yangi narsalarni tez o‘zlashtira boshlaydi. Ayni bu paytda e'tiborsizlikka yo‘l qo‘ymaslik kerak. Ma’lumotlarni qay tarzda tez va oson o'ziga singib olayotganliklarini biograflk jihatdan bilib olish mumkin.
Pedagogy in early childhood education and care (ECEC): an international comparative study of approaches and policies Research brief July 2015 :
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