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Neonatal Intensive Care Drug Manual
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| bet | 124/654 | | Sana | 03.01.2022 | | Hajmi | 1,5 Mb. | | #14803 |
Contraindications
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Hypersensitivity to the drug.
Heart block or severe ventricular dysfunction.
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Precautions
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Rebound hypertension may occur after cessation.
Rebound neonatal abstinence syndrome may occur after cessation.
May need to reduce dose in infants with renal impairment.
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Drug interactions
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Clonidine will enhance the effects of anaesthetics, sedatives, hypnotics and opioids.
Clonidine will interact with other hypertensives; NSAIDs; α2-adrenergic blockers eg phentolamine; β-blockers; digitalis glycosides; tricyclic antidepressants; and α-blocking neuroleptics.
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Adverse reactions
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Hypotension, bradycardia, rebound hypertension, somnolence and xerostomia. [5]
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Compatibility
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Fluids: Sodium chloride 0.9%.
Y-site: aminophylline, dobutamine, dopamine, epinephrine, fentanyl, heparin, ketamine, labetalol, lignocaine, lorazepam, magnesium sulphate, methadone, morphine HCl, glyceryl trinitrate, norepinephrine, potassium chloride.
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Incompatibility
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Y-site: midazolam. verapamil
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Stability
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Tablet dispersed in water: make a fresh solution for each dose and use immediately.
Check with Pharmacy Department for compounded oral suspension or solution.
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Storage
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Ampoule: Store below 25°C. Protect from light.
Tablet: Store below 25°C.
Check with Pharmacy Department for compounded oral suspension or solution.
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Excipients
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Ampoule: Sodium chloride, hydrochloric acid and water for injections.
Catapres Tablet: Maize starch, lactose monohydrate, calcium hydrogen phosphate, colloidal anhydrous silica, povidone and stearic acid.
APO-Clonidine Tablet: Allura Red AC, hyprolose, microcrystalline cellulose, magnesium stearate, maize starch, lactose monohydrate, calcium hydrogen phosphate, colloidal anhydrous silica.
Check with Pharmacy Department for compounded oral suspension or solution.
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Evidence
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Clonidine is an α2-agonist used to produce reductions in blood pressure and sedation that has been used for treatment of hypertension, sedation of ventilated infants and perioperative sedation. Compared with dexmedetomidine, clonidine has a lower selectivity for α2-receptors (α1 : α2ratio of 1 : 1620 for dexmedetomidine versus 1 : 220 for clonidine). As central α2 effects are sedative, clonidine is less sedating than dexmedetomidine. [1]
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