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Neonatal Intensive Care Drug Manual
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| bet | 75/654 | | Sana | 03.01.2022 | | Hajmi | 1,5 Mb. | | #14803 |
Azithromycin
Revision Date :2/3/2021
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Approved : TC, KOH
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Alert
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Azithromycin in the newborn period increases the risk of developing pyloric stenosis.14-15
This is an ORANGE Antimicrobial and requires an AMS code
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Indication
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Pertussis – post-exposure prophylaxis and treatment
Neonatal chlamydial conjunctivitis and pneumonia
Chlamydial and Mycoplasma pneumonia >3 months of age
Eradication of Ureaplasma in preterm infants
Prevention of BPD in preterm neonates – routine use is not recommended.
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Action
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Azithromycin inhibits protein synthesis by attaching to the 50S subunit of the bacterial ribosome in susceptible organisms. It exhibits bacteriostatic activity with higher potency than erythromycin against Ureaplasma isolates in vitro. Azithromycin inhibits neutrophil influx and chemoattractant/cytokine release in murine lung non-infectious, as well as pneumonia, injury models. It is preferentially concentrated in pulmonary epithelial lining fluid and alveolar macrophages.14
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Drug Type
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Macrolide antibiotic (subclass Azalide)
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Trade Name
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Azith, Azithromycin Alphapharm, Azithromycin DBL, Zithromax
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Presentation
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Oral: 200 mg/5 mL (15 mL) suspension, 500 mg tablet
IV: 500 mg vial
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