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Parameters Configurable from the Connections UI
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The following parameters can be set using the Control Panel-Network Connections. There should be no need to configure them directly.
EnableLmhosts
Key: Netbt\Parameters
Value Type: REG_DWORD—Boolean
Valid Range: 0, 1 (false, true)
Default: 1 (true)
Description: If this value is set to 1 (true), NetBT searches the Lmhosts file, if it exists, for names that cannot be resolved by WINS or broadcast. By default, there is no Lmhosts file database directory (specified by Tcpip\Parameters\DatabasePath), so no action is taken. This value is written by the Advanced TCP/IP Configuration dialog box.
EnableProxy
Key: Netbt\Parameters
Value Type: REG_DWORD—Boolean
Valid Range: 0, 1 (false, true)
Default: 0 (false)
Description: If this value is set to 1 (true), the system acts as a proxy name server for the networks to which NetBT is bound. A proxy name server answers broadcast queries for names that it has resolved through WINS. A proxy name server allows a network of b-node implementations to connect to servers on other subnets that are registered with WINS.
NameServerList
Key: Netbt\Parameters\Interfaces\interfaceGUID
Value Type: REG_MULTI_SZ—space separated, dotted decimal IP address (that is, 10.101.1.200)
Valid Range: any list of valid WINS server IP addresses.
Default: blank (no address)
Description: This parameter specifies the IP addresses of the list of WINS servers configured for the computer. If this parameter contains a valid value, it overrides the DHCP parameter of the same name. This parameter replaces the Windows NT 4.0 parameters NameServer and NameServerBackup, which are no longer used.
NetbiosOptions
Key: Netbt\Parameters\Interfaces\interfaceGUID
Value Type: REG_DWORD—number
Valid Range: 1, 2
Default: 1
Description: This parameter controls whether NetBIOS is enabled on a per-interface basis. On the Start menu, point to Settings, and click Network Connections. Right-click Local Area Connection, and click Properties. Select Internet Protocol (TCP\IP), and click Properties, then click Advanced. Click the WINS tab. The NetBIOS options are Enable NetBIOS over TCP\IP, Disable NetBIOS over TCP\IP, or Use NetBIOS setting from the DHCP server, the default. When enabled, the value is 1. When disabled, the value is set to 2. If this key does not exist, the DHCPNetbiosOptions key is read. If this key does exist, DHCPNetbiosOptions is ignored.
Non-Configurable Parameters
The following parameters are created and used internally by the NetBT components. They should never be modified using the Registry Edit or it can cause the component to become unstable. They are listed here for reference only.
DHCPNameServerList
Key: Netbt\Parameters\Interfaces\interfaceGUID
Value Type: REG_MULTI_SZ—space separated, dotted decimal IP address (that is, 10.101.1.200)
Valid Range: any list of valid WINS server IP addresses.
Default: blank (no address)
Description: This parameter specifies the IP addresses of the list of WINS servers, as provided by the DHCP service. This parameter replaces the Windows NT 4.0 parameters DHCPNameServer and DHCPNameServerBackup, which are no longer used. See also NameServerList, which overrides this parameter if it is present.
DHCPNetbiosOptions
Key: Netbt\Parameters\Interfaces\interfaceGUID
Value Type: REG_DWORD—number
Valid Range: 1, 2
Default: 1
Description: This parameter is written by the DHCP client service. See the NetbiosOptions parameter for a description.
DhcpNodeType
Key: Netbt\Parameters
Value Type: REG_DWORD—number
Valid Range: 1–8
Default: 1
Description: This parameter specifies the NetBT node type. It is written by the DHCP client service, if enabled. A valid NodeType value overrides this parameter. See the entry for NodeType for a complete description.
DhcpScopeId
Key: Netbt\Parameters
Value Type: REG_SZ—character string
Valid Range: a dot-separated name string such as microsoft.com
Default: none
Description: This parameter specifies the NetBIOS name scope for the node. It is written by the DHCP client service, if enabled. This value must not begin with a period. See the entry for ScopeId for more information.
NbProvider
Key: Netbt\Parameters
Value Type: REG_SZ—character string
Valid Range: _tcp
Default: _tcp
Description: This parameter is used internally by the RPC component. The default value should not be changed.
TransportBindName
Key: Netbt\Parameters
Value Type: REG_SZ—character string
Valid Range: N/A
Default: \Device\
Description: This parameter is used internally during product development. The default value should not be changed.
Appendix C:
Windows Sockets and DNS Registry Parameters AFD Registry Parameters
Afd.sys is the kernel-mode driver that is used to support Windows Sockets applications. When there are three default values, the default is calculated based on the amount of memory detected in the system:
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The first value is the default for smaller computers (less than 19 MB).
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The second value is the default for medium computers (<32 MB on Windows XP Professional, <64 MB on Windows Server 2003).
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The third value is the default for large computers (>32 MB on Windows XP Professional, >64 MB on Windows Server 2003).
For example, if the default is given as 0/2/10, a system containing 12.5 to
20 MB of RAM would default to 2.
The following values can be set under:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE
\SYSTEM
\CurrentControlSet
\Services
\Afd
\Parameters
DefaultReceiveWindow
Value Type: REG_DWORD
Default: 4096/8192/8192
Description: The number of receive bytes that AFD buffers on a connection before imposing flow control. For some applications, a larger value here gives slightly better performance at the expense of increased resource utilization. Applications can modify this value on a per-socket basis with the SO_RCVBUF socket option.
DefaultSendWindow
Value Type: REG_DWORD
Default: 4096/8192/8192
Description: This is similar to DefaultReceiveWindow, but for the send side of connections.
DisableAddressSharing
Value Type: REG_DWORD
Default: 0
Range: 0, 1
Description: This parameter is used to prevent address sharing (SO_REUSEADDR) between processes so that if a process opens a socket, no other process can steal data from it. A similar effect can be achieved if an application uses the new socket option SO_EXCLUSIVEADDRUSE. This setting allows administrators to secure older applications that are not aware of this option.
FastCopyReceiveThreshold
Value Type: REG_DWORD
Default: 1024
Description: When an application posts a receive with a buffer that is smaller than the current packet being buffered by Winsock, AFD can either make an additional copy of the packet and then copy data to the application buffers directly (which is a two-stage copy because application buffers cannot be accessed directly under the lock), or it can lock and map application buffers and copy data once. This value represents a compromise between extra code execution for data copying, and extra code execution in the I/O subsystem and memory manager. The default value was found, by testing, to be the best overall value for performance. Changing this value is not generally recommended.
FastSendDatagramThreshold
Value Type: REG_DWORD
Default: 1024
Description: Datagrams smaller than the value of this parameter go through the fast I/O path or are buffered on send. Larger ones are held until the datagram is actually sent. The default value was found by testing to be the best overall value for performance. Fast I/O means copying data and bypassing the I/O subsystem, instead of mapping memory and going through the I/O subsystem. This is advantageous for small amounts of data. Changing this value is not generally recommended.
IgnorePushBitOnReceives
Value Type: REG_DWORD—Boolean
Valid Range: 0, 1 (false, true)
Default: 0 (false)
Description: Normally, Windows Server 2003 completes a Windows Sockets Receive when one of the following occurs:
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Data arrives with the push bit set.
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The user recv buffer is full.
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0.5 seconds have elapsed since any data arrived.
Setting this parameter to a 1 causes Afd.sys to treat all incoming packets as though the push bit was set. This should only be done when necessary to work around client TCP/IP implementations that are not properly pushing data.
LargeBufferSize
Value Type: REG_DWORD
Default: PAGE_SIZE (4096 bytes on i386, 8192 bytes on Alpha)
Description: The size, in bytes, of large buffers used by AFD. Smaller values use less memory and larger values can improve performance.
LargeBufferListDepth
Value Type: REG_DWORD
Default: 0/2/10
Description: Depth of large buffer look-aside list.
MaxFastTransmit
Value Type: REG_DWORD
Valid Range: 0–0xffffffff
Default: 64 KB
Description: This parameter controls the maximum amount of data that is transferred in a TransmitFile request on the fast path. Fast I/O is essentially copying data and bypassing the I/O subsystem, instead of mapping memory and going through the I/O subsystem. This is advantageous for small amounts of data. Changing this value is not generally recommended.
MaxFastCopyTransmit
Value Type: REG_DWORD
Valid Range: 0–0xFFFFFFFF
Default: 128
Description: This parameter controls the maximum size of data that uses copy instead of cached memory on the fast-path. Fast I/O is essentially copying data and bypassing the I/O subsystem, instead of mapping memory and going through the I/O subsystem. This is advantageous for small amounts of data. Changing this value is not generally recommended.
MediumBufferSize
Value Type: REG_DWORD
Default: 1504
Description: The size, in bytes, of medium buffers used by AFD.
MediumBufferListDepth
Value Type: REG_DWORD
Default: 4/8/24
Description: Depth of medium buffer look-aside list.
OverheadChargeGranularity
Value Type: REG_DWORD
Default: 1 page
Valid Range: A power of 2
Description: This parameter determines in what increments overhead is actually charged. The default is one page, and the intention is to properly charge and contain attacker type applications that try to run the system out of memory.
PriorityBoost
Value Type: REG_DWORD
Default: 2
Valid Range: 0–16
Description: The priority boost that AFD gives to a thread when it completes I/O for that thread. If a multithreaded application experiences starvation of some threads, the problem may be remedied by reducing this value.
SmallBufferListDepth
Value Type: REG_DWORD
Default: 8/16/32
Description: Depth of the small buffer look-aside list.
SmallBufferSize
Value Type: REG_DWORD
Default: 128
Description: The size in bytes of small buffers used by AFD.
StandardAddressLength
Value Type: REG_DWORD
Default: 22
Description: The length of TDI addresses that are typically used for the computer. When using an alternate transport protocol, such as TP4, which uses very long addresses, increasing this value results in a slight performance improvement.
TransmitIoLength
Value Type: REG_DWORD
Default: PAGE_SIZE/PAGE_SIZE*2/65536
Description: The default size for I/O (reads and sends) performed by TransmitFile(). For Windows XP Professional, the default I/O size is exactly one page.
TransmitWorker
Value Type: REG_DWORD
Default: 0x10
Valid Range: 0x10, 0x20
Description: This parameter controls how Afd.sys uses system threads. Setting it to 0x10 causes AFD to use system threads to perform IO that results from a long (more than 2 SendPacketLength worth of data) TransmitFile request. Setting it to 0x20 causes AFD to use kernel-mode APC for IO and to execute everything in the context of the same thread. This is new in Windows Server 2003 and can improve performance by reducing the number of context switches in long TransmitFile requests.
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