• Vocabulary Preview Match each word or phrase with the correct definition. 1.
  • S e c o n d e d I t I o n 1 Reading for the Real World 1




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    Reading1

    Exporting Beauty
    Discussion
    Discuss the following questions.
    1. The reading says that the “hourglass” body shape for women is preferred by men. 
    What type of body shape for men do you think is preferred by women? Why?
    2. Which of the two studies from the first reading do you find more convincing? 
    Why?
    Track 42


    Vocabulary Preview
     
    Match each word or phrase with the correct definition.
    1. crack down 
    a. a slippery material made from oil
    2. grease 
    b. to endure; to put up with
    3. harassment 
    c. to enforce a law or rule more strongly
    4. sensitive 
    d. to add in order to make bigger or better
    5. supplement 
    e. aware; careful of
    6. tolerate 
    f. an action meant to bother, disturb, or annoy
    Pre-Reading Questions
    Think about the following questions.
    1. What are some cultural differences that you know about between 
    countries?
    2. What happens when people don’t understand each other’s cultural 
    differences?
    3. Are there any cultural differences in business?
    Bribery or 
    Business as Usual?
     
    C ro s s - C u l t u r a l V i e w p o i n t s 2
    U N
    I
    T
    11


    132
    Bribery or Business as Usual?
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    ross-cultural researchers and trainers often advise those traveling 
    through or working in another culture to be sensitive to cultural 
    differences. Implied in this sensitivity is the suggestion to accept 
    behaviors of the new culture even if they seem strange or wrong. In cross-cultural 
    contact, right and wrong may be understood differently by the two cultures.
    According to this view of relativismethical behavior may appear very 
    different from one culture to another. Take, for example, the behavior of bribery
    In most countries, businesses which resort to bribing government officials in 
    order to receive special favors or special treatment are understood to be acting 
    unethically. However, this behavior may be tolerated or even expected in some 
    cultures. As reported by a German magazine, one of the ministers in the Thai 
    government office of land management was quoted as saying, “Bribes are part of 
    traditional Thai culture.” This minister went on to explain that his employees 
    were instructed to accept any money offered to them, as long as they did not ask 
    for it. The bribes were considered a supplement to the extremely low pay of this 
    office’s employees.
    Bribes may be required in a variety of business situations. They are most 
    commonly paid just before a contract is finalized. Bribes may also be paid to 
    suppliers to ensure prompt delivery, or they may be given to distributors to 
    guarantee delivery of high quality products. When such bribes are meant to 
    speed up a business transaction or make a deal go smoothly, it may be referred 
    to as a “grease payment.” Additionally, bribes may be used to buy “protection” 
    for a business, either against some harmful act or against government 
    harassment.
    In an effort to crack down on the payment of bribes to foreign governments
    the United States passed a law in the 1970s called the Foreign Corrupt Practices 
    6
    relativism --- a philosophy which states that good and bad 
    are relative to culture and groups
    6
    ethical --- related to right and wrong; moral
    7
    bribery --- giving or taking money for influence
    8
    resort to --- to do as a last choice
    11
    minister --- a high level government official
    26
    corrupt --- dishonest

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    S e c o n d e d I t I o n 1 Reading for the Real World 1

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