Drones – Various Applications
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Like other spectral imaging, hyperspectral imaging collects information and
processes it into the electromagnetic spectrum. Nevertheless, aside from visible
light, which the human eye can detect in three bands (red, green, and blue), spec-
tral imaging looks at objects using a wide part of the electromagnetic spectrum. In
other words, thanks to this technique, which divides the image into many bands, it
offers the opportunity to grasp objects and their properties in a much wider band
range than what is visible in the pictures with a single camera. In particular, it is a
technology that can be used in the detection of underground resources in mining,
agriculture, the prevention of diseases and pests, the military field, thermal infra-
red hyperspectral imaging, the chemical field, in the detection of colorless and
odorless harmful substances in the air, in environmental issues, in the detection
of leaking toxic wastes. Despite the advantages of hyperspectral imaging, such as
imaging in a wide spectrum, it is very expensive, and complex processing processes
pose a significant problem [6].
Thermal imaging is an imaging system based on invisible IR energy (heat) and
determines the general structure of the image, colors, and shapes formed according
to IR energy. While normal cameras create the image thanks to the light, thermal
cameras make the image thanks to the heat. Similarly, color differences are important
when the human brain and eye use colors and light to create an image.
Thermal cameras are used to map the amount of water in the soil (SWC) depend-
ing on the land surface temperature (LST) [7]. Thermal cameras have limited spatial
resolution, which often causes difficulties in homogeneous areas such as farmland
with bare soil [8]. It is especially used in agriculture to determine plant water needs,
detect disease, and for phenotyping.