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Selection of our books indexed in the Book Citation Index in Web of Science™ Core Collection (bkci)Bog'liq drone8
3.2 Propellers
Also called rotor or blade, drone propeller comes in various shapes, sizes, and
materials. Regardless of their specific characteristics, all propellers are the basic
equipment that does not allow the drone to take off (
Figure 8
). The propeller is one
of the most sensitive parts of the drone and can be easily damaged as it needs to be
constantly replaced or installed. These parts, which can be easily dislodged, broken,
or corroded during the flight, must be checked. The propellers should be maintained
for a good and uninterrupted flight, and continuous preflight checks should be
carried out. Propellers are generally made of plastic material, and shaft and propeller
diameter are important parameters when changing.
3.3 Motors
The drone motor is the main dynamo that makes the propellers spin and provides
enough thrust for flight. They convert the electrical energy stored in the battery into
motion energy and enable the propellers to rotate (
Figure 9
). Motors, one of the most
important parts of the drone, are very important, especially for the drone to work
effectively. Removing dust and debris is necessary to prolong motor life and ensure
trouble-free operation. If the engine makes an unusual noise, it is time to check the
motor. Two types of brushed and brushless motors are used, which vary according
to their size, weight, and load. Brushed motors are preferred for lighter and partially
entry-level drones, and brushless motors are preferred for heavy and professional
drones. While determining the drone motor, size, work, and speed are important
parameters.
3.4 Battery
The battery, described as the heart of the drone, is the most important part in
terms of power generation and performance (
Figure 10
). The lithium polymer
or lithium-ion battery inside can easily supply propellers’ movement energy.
Drone batteries are defined as 1s, 2s, and 3s according to the number of cells in the
battery. Each cell corresponds to a voltage of 3.7 volts. In this case, 1-cell lithium
polymer batteries are preferred in light hobbyist drones, while 2- or 3-cell batteries
are used in drones that require higher voltage. They are not easily damaged, but
they can be discharged. For this reason, uninterrupted flights need to have spares
for batteries and propellers.
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