around
(particle) to joining.
(Mister Shafaer birlashtirishda ortga qaytmagan).
2.
All we gotta do is go
around in
(determiner) the corner.
3.
Chateau Petrus costs
around
(adverb) 250.
(Chateau Petrusi taxminan 250 narxlanadi).
Ajratish (Tag) Tavsif (Description)
Namuna
CC
Coordin. Conjuction
and, but, or
CD
Cardinal number
one, two, three
DT
Determiner
a, the
EX
Existential ‘there’
There
FW
Foreign word
Mea culpa
IN
Preposition/sub-conj
of, in, by
JJ
Adjective
Yellow
JJR
Adj.,comparative
Bigger
JJS
Adj., superlative
Wildest
LS
List item marker
1,2, One
MD
Modal
Can, should
NN
Noun, sing. or mass
Ilama
40
NNS
Noun, plural
Ilamas
NNP
Proper noun, singular
IBM
NNPS
Proper noun, plural
Carolinas
PDT
Predeterminer
all, both
POS
Possessive ending
‘s
PRP
Personal pronoun
I, you, he
PRP$
Possesive pronoun
your, one’s
RB
Adverb
quickly, never
RBR
Adverb, comparative
Faster
RBS
Adverb, superlative
Fastest
RP
Particle
up, off
SYM
Symbol
+, %, &
TO
“to”
To
UN
Interjection
ah, oops
VB
Verb, base form
Eat
VBD
Verb, past tense
Ate
VBG
Verb, gerund
Eating
VBN
Verb, past participle
Eaten
VBP
Verb, non-3sg pres
Eat
VBZ
Verb, 3sg pres
Eats
WDT
Wh-determiner
which, that
WP
Wh-pronoun
what, who
WP$
Possesive wh-
Whose
WRB
Wh-adverb
how, where
$
Dollar sign
$
#
Pond sign
#
ʻʻ
Left quote
(ʻ or ʻʻ)
ʼʼ
Right quote
( ʼ or ʼʼ)
(
Left parenthesis
( [, (, {, <)
41
)
Right parenthesis
( ], ), }, >)
ʼ
Comma
,
.
Sentence-final punc
(. ! ?)
:
Mid-sentence punc
(: ; … – -)
PennTreebankso‘zturkumlarigaajratishkorpusi
(punktuatsiyanio‘zichigaolganholda).
Quyida Brown korpusining Penn Treebank variantida ajratilgan
so‘zlardan namunalardan keltiriladi:
1.
The/ DT grand /JJ jury /NN commentend/ VBD on/IN/ a /DT number /NN of
other /JJ/topics/NNS./
(Nufuzli hakamlar hay’ati mavzularning qiymatini izohlab
berdilar).
2.
There/EX are/VBP 70/CD children/NNS there/RB
(Bu yerda 70 ta bola bor).
3.
Althgough/IN preliminary / JJ findings/NNS were/VBD reported/VBN
more/RBR than/IN a/ DT year /NN ago/IN , /, the/DT latest /JJS result/
NNS appear/ VBP in/IN today/NN’s /POS New/NNP England/NNP/
Journal/NNP of/IN Medicine/NNP,/,
(Dastlabki topilmalar bir yil oldin aytilganiga qaramay, bugun Yangi
Angliya tibbiyot jurnalida natijalar ko‘rindi).
Tahrir jarayonini avtomatlashtirish uchun birinchi navbatda uning lingvistik
ta’minotini amalga oshirish kerak. Bu ta’minotni muhandis-tilshunoslar amalga
oshiradilar. Bunday ta’minot bo‘yicha o‘zbek tilshunosligida o‘tgan asrning 80-
yillaridan boshlab ma’lum ishlar amalga oshirilgan. Masalan, S.Muhammedov
ustozi R.Piotrovskiy bilan hamkorlikda 1989-yilda “Injenerlik tilshunosligi va
o‘zbekcha matnlarni sistem statistik tahlil qilish tajribasi”nomli ishni rus tilida
e’lon qilgan edi. Shu ishning 3-4-bobida o‘zbekcha matnlarning kvantitativ
42
modellari keltirilgan
1
.
Avtomatik tahrir qiluvchi dasturning lingvistik ta’minotini yaratish uchun
birinchi navbatdao‘zbek tilidagi fe’llarning LSGlarini semantik maydon sifatida
ajratish, ularning ma’no tuzilishini va grammatik xususiyatlarini modellashtirish
zarur bo‘ladi. Masalan, o‘zbek tilidagi birgina harakat fe’llarini S.Muhamedova
quyidagicha 9 guruhga ajratib tasnif qiladi
2
:
I. Obyektsiz harakat fe’llari.
1.Gorizontal
harakat
fe’llari:
yurmoq,
intilmoq,
yo‘rg‘alamoq,gandiraklamoq
kabi.
2. Vertikal harakat fe’llari:
tomchilamoq, pastlamoq, yuqorilamoq,
balandlamoq, sakramoq, sapchimoq
kabi.
3. Aylanma harakat fe’llari:
aylanmoq, pildiramoq, dumalamoq, ag‘anamoq
kabi.
4. Tebranma harakat fe’llari:
liqillamoq, tebranmoq, chayqalmoq, silkinmoq
kabi.
5. Nafas va tovush chiqarish harakatini ifodalovchi fe’llar:
puflamoq,
yo‘talmoq, chiyillamoq, uvlamoq, pishqirmoq
kabi.
6. Predmetning tik holatdan boshqa holatga o‘tishini ifodalovchi fe’llar:
yiqilmoq, munkimoq, qulamoq
kabi.
II. Obyektli harakat fe’llari.
1.Natijali ijroni bildiruvchi fe’llar:
ishlamoq, qurmoq, ulamoq, tugmoq,
qantarmoq, artmoq, qayirmoq
kabi.
2. Natijasi mavhum bo‘lgan ijroni ifodalovchi fe’llar:
titkilamoq, kovlamoq,
qidirmoq, axtarmoq, izlamoq
kabi.
3. Og‘iz bo‘shlig‘idagi harakatlarni ifodalovchi fe’llar:
yalamoq, totmoq,
kemirmoq, cho‘qimoq
kabi.
O‘zbek tilidagi harakat semali asosdagi bu ma’lumotlar kompyuter dasturlari
1
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