Sustainability
2021, 13, 6198
5 of 17
Sustainability 2021,
13,
x FOR PEER REVIEW
5 of 19
papers. In total, an additional 60 full papers were excluded as they did not fulfil the inclu-
sion criteria, and eventually, 13 papers were found eligible for further analyses.
Figure 2. Flow diagram of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic
Reviews and Meta-Anal-
yses (PRISMA) used for reporting the systematic review process and the identified number of pa-
pers in each step. The last search was performed in March 2021.
3.2. Definition of a Smart Lighting System
As
stated in the introduction, smart lighting systems include control, communica-
tion,
and interconnection abilities, whereas smart lighting is a light source with controlla-
bility of certain light quality/quantity properties. Smart lighting includes smart light
bulbs, which are illumination sources that include a processor to enable signal exchanges.
Smart lighting systems were defined or named differently by the found studies, and in
total, seven different synonyms were used for describing the
proposed or investigated
smart lighting system (see Table 2). Four studies used the term ‘smart lighting’ followed
by three studies that used ‘intelligent lighting’. Other definitions for smart lighting sys-
tems were ‘automated’, ‘innovative’, ‘multi-objective’, ‘biodynamic’, and ‘context’
light-
ing. It seems that the terms ‘intelligent’ and ‘multi-objective’ represent a kind of lighting
system that, in addition to energy saving, can offer
more services to the users, such as the
adjustment of the lighting based on recognition of user activities [38–42].
