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location of the subject Area
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Bog'liq Judith A. Tyner. Principles of map design. New York. „The Guilford Press”, 2010location of the subject Area
Just as the zone of best representation of the various projections makes them more
suitable for areas of different sizes and shapes, so too are they suited to different
latitudinal positions. For example, the conic projections generally show midlatitudes
best and especially midlatitude areas that have a greater east–west than north–south
extent. An oblique conic or a portion of the polyconic projection could be used for
narrow north–south areas.
If one is using a world projection, the issue of centering arises. Normally, one
puts the primary area of interest in the center of the map, but for a world distribution
map on which no one area is primary, one must decide what to put in the center. Pro-
jections in normal or equatorial aspects can be centered on any meridian. Commonly
the prime meridian is chosen. However, some have accused cartographers of being
deliberately Eurocentric when using the prime meridian because it places Europe in
the center of the map. However, studies have found that when students create mental
maps of the world, they tend to put their home country or continent in the middle so
centering for the audience makes sense. Thus, a reasonable option is to place North
America in the center for western hemisphere audiences or Asia for Chinese audi-
ences and so forth. Again, some will criticize the selection, but if the cartographer
is aware of potential bias, has considered the audience and purpose of the map, and
based the choice on these factors, the choice can be defended.
Audience
Map audiences vary widely, but, as detailed in Chapter 2, maps are generally aimed at
a specific audience. When the cartographer chooses a projection, he or she has some
knowledge of the degree of sophistication of the map user. Taking this information,
the cartographer can decide if the graticule form is distracting or if an interrupted
projection might be confusing.
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