Rakhmatova Masuda Gaybullaevna
PhD., senior teacher, named after I. Karimov
Samiyev Muhammadsodiq, student, TSTU named after I. Karimov
WAYS TO INCREASE EFFICIENCY BASED ON THE USE OF INNOVATIVE
TECHNOLOGIES IN INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES
The digital revolution, which is manifested as a new stage of world economic and
technological development, is rapidly changing the economy and gaining importance in the
purposeful introduction of new innovative technologies and improvement of existing technologies in
the development of the oil and gas industry. According to the scientific research of the World Bank
in 2020, the share of the "digital economy" in the gross domestic product in economically developed
countries will reach 60%, precisely because of the wide application and effective use of digital
technology innovations in industries and service sectors.
According to the scientific research of global economists, special attention is being paid to
scientific research on the application of digital technologies to industrial enterprises in today's
increasingly digitized global world. In this regard, methodological aspects of implementation of "big
data", "cloud computing", "artificial intelligence" and "block chain technology" as well as these
scientific researches related to researching the influence of technologies on social and economic
development are being carried out. Despite the fact that this network is developing rapidly in
Uzbekistan, which is being modernized, the development of new types of digital technologies, their
introduction into various industries and sectors of the economy, especially the low level of production
of software products, and insufficient use in the field of science and education remain a problem.
In the Address of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Shavkat Mirziyoyev to the Oliy
Majlis dated January 24, 2020, "... we need to develop a national concept of the Digital Economy,
which involves updating all sectors of the economy based on digital technologies. On this basis, it is
necessary to implement the "Digital Uzbekistan - 2030" program. The digital economy allows to
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increase the gross domestic product by at least 30%, to reduce corruption drastically. Analyzes
conducted by reputable international organizations also confirm this...». The effective solution of
tasks in this "Digital Uzbekistan - 2030" program requires the creation of transformational types of
digital technologies and the development of industrial development mechanisms.
In today's globalization of the global economy and information society, almost all economic
theories recognize digital technologies, software and platforms as the main factors of the "Industry
4.0" revolution. To date, the theory of the digital economy has not yet been fully formed and is widely
studied by many economists. According to A. Busygin, innovation is the renewal of the main capital
(production funds) or the manufactured product on the basis of science, technology, and technology.
In some cases, production is based not only partially, but entirely on innovation, resulting in a product
or use of a strictly new classification and characteristic.
According to R. Fatkhutdinov's conclusion, innovation is the final result of the implementation
of the innovation, and the change of object management is a social-economic, scientific-technical,
ecological and other form of efficiency. Innovation is fundamental, practical research is designed or
experimental work to improve the efficiency of a certain activity.
Therefore, from the above-mentioned opinions and conclusions of economists and experts, it
is clear that innovation is the creation of new goods or the improvement of the quality of manufactured
goods by gradually introducing the latest achievements of science and technology into the production
process in order to achieve high efficiency in the enterprise. In the literature prepared on digital
technologies (various books, textbooks, scientific articles and monographs), there are many diverse
opinions and observations about "digital technology", "digital economy", and there is no unified
approach to them. Through our studies and research, the term "digital economy" was first coined in
1995 by Don Tapscott in his work "The Digital Economy: Cyber Intelligence and Risk". According
to Don Tapscott, all processes in the digital economy "are based on a digital electronic system, namely
the Internet, digital information and computer technology." Economic and social processes in the
society, business, finance - credit services and a number of other activities are carried out on the basis
of electronic technologies that serve to implement the Internet (web) and digital communications [6].
In the scientific literature, the modern "New digital economy" is called by different terms. For
example, "e-economy" (Khyvel M), "post-industrial economy" (A. Sokolov)[8], "informed economy"
(M. Kastells)[9], "megaeconomy" (V. Kuvaldin), "economy based on information and
communication" (I. Niniluto), "technoeconomy or digital economy" (B. Gates), "economy based on
knowledge" (D. Tapscott)[10]. The factor connecting these concepts is the primary place of
information technologies in the process of globalization of economic processes. As part of the
research, B.A. Begalov, N.M. from our local scientists on improving the digitization process in the
economy. Makhmudovlar, in his scientific work, played an important role in supporting research and
innovation in the industrial economy, setting technical standards, which in turn helped to create a new
sector of the innovative economy - the digital market.
As a result of the research, the author developed a new definition of "digital technology" as
an automated activity that envisages the widespread introduction of technologies through the
programming or programming of production, processing, and distribution processes in a logical
sequence. Therefore, the production process organized on the basis of programming is a production
process based on infrastructure with additional conveniences, improved, automated, robotized, finally
digitized compared to the traditional production process. In our opinion, it would be wrong to think
that the concepts of "digital economy" and "digital technology" are fundamentally different from each
other. On the contrary, we believe that the digital economy is the final result of digitalization and
automation of production, developed as a result of the development of digital technologies (software,
Internet (web), platforms). Digital technologies are the basis of intelligent digital control of the
production process. At the end of the 20th century, the approaches and principles of the "Industry
4.0" revolution in industrial enterprises of developed countries have changed significantly. In the
countries, the technical condition of industrial enterprises, mechanisms and intervention of the human
factor began to decrease. Successful international experiences in Russia, China, Japan, USA, India
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and Iran on improvement of digital technologies in industrial enterprises were studied. Over the years,
the growth in digital technologies and their impact on our lives has changed significantly. As a result
of the increased demand for the activities of oil and gas companies in the sector, they have become
the growth points that need to be provided with a digital resource for the economy. Investments in
digitalization by private companies in Uzbekistan make up 0.12% of GDP. By comparison, the US
has the highest rate in the world at 5%, followed by Western Europe at 3.9% and Brazil at 3.6%.
According to world scientists, the widespread use of digital technologies in various fields will
lead to an increase in labor productivity, expansion of convenience and opportunities, increase in the
quality of production, development of industry and growth of the economy. Our research shows that
the application of software to production processes helps to save financial resources in many ways.
That is why countries of the developed and developing world use digital technologies and software
products in the industrial sector and seek to further develop the infrastructure. When we consider the
activities of Mubarak Oil and Gas Production Department enterprises from the point of view of
general economic positions, this enterprise is a stable social structure, which receives resources from
the environment and turns them into products of its activity.
When we consider the activities of Mubarak Oil and Gas Production Department enterprises
from the point of view of general economic positions, this enterprise is a stable social structure, which
receives resources from the environment and turns them into products of its activity. In the course of
our research, we analyzed the production volume of the enterprises of the Mubarak Oil and Gas
Production Department in the period 2014-2021 in the form of products. According to Table 1, natural
gas condensate was 365.92 million m
3
in 2014, and will be 409.77 million m
3
by 2021. For the same
years, separate operations related to the preparation of natural gas performed by the subcontractor
amounted to 1,096,905 million soums in 2014, and 3,501.5 million soums by 2021. Liquefied propane
and butane amounted to 236.06 million m
3
in 2014, and 310.843 million m3 by 2021. If we pay
attention to the table, by 2017 it had a decreasing trend, that is, it was 257,453 million m
3
. We can
see that other steam and hot water (heat energy) have a decreasing trend, reaching 1961.9 thousand
Goal in 2014 and 1948.324 thousand Goal by 2021. Also, during our research, we analyzed the
company's financial results, export volume, finished product balance at the end of the period, the
average number of employees of the company on the list, the average nominal salary for employees
and the level of profitability of the company.
As can be seen from the above data, the financial result of 2964.8 million soums in 2014 and
9074.3 million soums in 2021 can be attributed to the demand for the product. The export volume in
2014 was 6119.8 thousand US dollars, and we can see only the dynamics of growth in the numbers
of the export volume from year to year, and this figure will be 10123.7 thousand US dollars by 2021.
The balance of finished products at the end of the period was 10546.6 million soms in 2014, but by
2015 this figure decreased to 7465.6 million soms, which caused the decrease of the balance of
finished products at the end of the period. In the following years, this indicator increased year by
year, and by 2021 it amounted to 60,412.9 million soums. The number of employees in 2014 was
3998 people, and by 2021 this figure will be 3584 people. The average nominal salary in 2014 was
1475.6 thousand soums, and in 2021 this indicator was 4213.7 thousand soums. The level of
profitability in the enterprise was 5.3 from 2014, and this indicator increased until 2014 and made
9.4%. However, due to the increase in the company's financial costs by 2018, this indicator was 9.1%,
and by 2021, it was 8.7% due to the global pandemic. The composition of machinery and equipment
used in the main production by age (based on the year of production of the equipment) 93.5% up to
3 years, 3.3% up to 4-5 years, 1.9% up to 6-10 years, more than 10 years and it is 1.3%. Also, the rate
of wear and tear of machinery and tools used in the main production (based on the year of manufacture
of the tool) is 31.9%. In order to improve the production process, the enterprise will have to make
extensive use of the achievements of modern digital technologies, control production through
programming and automation, and provide automated integration between departments and
workshops of the enterprise.
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There are enough problems in the oil and gas network, which are mainly related to technical
and technological updates. Due to the insufficient increase of reserves, the forecast of natural gas
extraction and production of oil products in 2018 was not fulfilled sufficiently. The forecast for the
volume of drilling in the geological-exploration process has been fulfilled by 67%. If these works
were completed, it would be possible to increase the reserve even more. Also, only 59% of the forecast
of operational drilling works and 50% of the forecast of the number of completed wells were fulfilled.
As a result of the conducted research, the following conclusions were formed regarding the
possibility of achieving economic recovery of financially unstable enterprises by introducing
innovative technologies in the branch enterprises, which are connected with the use of important
economic natural gas not as a fuel in the national economy, but as a raw material:
1.
We propose to improve the infrastructure of the oil and gas enterprises operating in our
country, and at the same time introduce new software products to the oil and gas sector, as well as to
the process of extraction and production of oil reserves.
2.
The method of integral assessment of the dynamics of economic growth in processing
industries was improved based on the method of index comparison of the intensive and extensive
factors of economic growth based on indicators of labor productivity, return of funds. According to
this methodology, the overall economic growth index in the processing industry has been increased
by 1.07.
3.
If we use the experience of advanced industrialized countries in modern innovative
technologies and their effective use, the experience of using digital technologies in the Republic of
Korea is especially important. In this regard, one of the important priorities in the introduction of
modern innovative and digital technologies in our country, we propose a strategy aimed at the
introduction of techniques and technologies of foreign projects.
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