Q22 the mammoth bones previously found on the North American mainland




Download 1,11 Mb.
Pdf ko'rish
bet119/209
Sana22.11.2023
Hajmi1,11 Mb.
#103463
1   ...   115   116   117   118   119   120   121   122   ...   209
Bog'liq
Listening transcripts 230531 122425

Q22
the mammoth bones previously found on the North American mainland 
were much less recent than that. So this was really amazing.
MARTIN: 
Then we’re making an animated diagram to show the geography of the area in prehistoric 
times. So originally, St Paul’s Island wasn’t an island, it was connected to the mainland,
and mammoths and other animals like bears were able to roam around the whole area.
ROSIE:
Then the climate warmed up and the sea level began to rise, and the island got cut off from
the mainland. So 
Q23
those mammoths on the island couldn’t escape; they had to 
stay on the island.
MARTIN:
And in fact the species survived there for thousands of years after they’d become extinct
on the mainland.
TUTOR: 
So why do you think they died out on the mainland?
ROSIE: 
No one’s sure.
MARTIN:
Anyway, next we’ll explain how Graham and his team identified the date when the mammoths
became extinct on the island. They concluded that 
Q24
the extinction happened 5,600 
years ago, which is a very precise time for a prehistoric extinction. It’s based on samples 
they took from mud at the bottom of a lake on the island. They analysed it to find out what
had fallen in over time – bits of plants, volcanic ash and even DNA from the mammoths
themselves. It’s standard procedure, but it took nearly two years to do.


TEST
STEPHANIE: Hello, Trevor.
TREVOR:
Hello, Stephanie. You said you wanted to talk about the course I’m taking on literature for
children.
STEPHANIE: That’s right. I’m thinking of doing it next year, but I’d like to find out more about it first.
TREVOR:
OK, well, as you probably know, it’s a one-year course. It’s divided into six modules, and
you have to take all of them. One of the most interesting ones, for me, at least, was about
the purpose of children’s literature.
STEPHANIE: You mean, whether it should just entertain children or should be educational, as well.
TREVOR:
Right, and whether the teaching should be factual – giving them information about the
world – or ethical, teaching them values. What’s fascinating is that

Download 1,11 Mb.
1   ...   115   116   117   118   119   120   121   122   ...   209




Download 1,11 Mb.
Pdf ko'rish

Bosh sahifa
Aloqalar

    Bosh sahifa



Q22 the mammoth bones previously found on the North American mainland

Download 1,11 Mb.
Pdf ko'rish