3-misol
IntX butun sonining tavsifi. Uning qiymati Text2 matn maydoniga, natija esa Text2 matn maydoniga kiritiladi. Dasturda quyida tavsif qilingan, qatorni songa va sonni qatorga almashtiradigan funksiya foydalaniladi.
Ikkita belgidan (Label1, Label2), ikkita matn maydonidan (Text1, Text2) va ikkita tugmadan (Command1, Command2) tashkil topgan forma loyihasini yaratamiz.
10.3-rasm
Ob’yekt
|
Xossa
|
O‘rnatilgan qiymatlari
|
Label1
|
Caption
Font
BackColor
|
-32768 dan +32767 gacha bo‘lgan intervaldagi butun sonni kiriting
|
Label2
|
Caption
Font
BackColor
|
Natija
|
Command1
|
Caption
|
Chiqish
|
Command2
|
Caption
|
Natijani ko‘rsatish
|
Text1
Text2
|
Text
|
Text xossasi maydonini tozalash
|
Command2 (Natijani ko‘rsatish) tugmasi bosilgandagi protseduraning kodini yozamiz
10.4-rasm
Loyihani ishga tushiramiz
10.5-rasm
Shunga e’tibor qilish kerakki, ya’ni agar kiritilgan son qiymatlar diapazonidan tashqarida bo‘lsa, Overflow to‘lib ketish xatosi yuz beradi.
10.6-rasm
10.7-rasm
4-misol
Har xil turdagi o’zgaruvchilar va ularning har xil diapazondagi qiymatlarini ishlatish uchun yangi loyiha yaratamiz.
10.8-rasm
Dastur kodi
Option Explicit
Private Sub Command1_Click()
End
End Sub
Private Sub Command2_Click()
Dim intX1 As Integer, lngX2 As Long
Dim sngX3 As Single, dblX4 As Double
Dim binX5 As Boolean, strX6 As String
intX1 = Val(Text1.Text)
lngX2 = Val(Text2.Text)
sngX3 = Val(Text3.Text)
dblX4 = Val(Text4.Text)
binX5 = Text5.Text
strX6 = Text6.Text
Text7.Text = Str(intX1)
Text8.Text = Str(lngX2)
Text9.Text = Str(sngX3)
Text10.Text = Str(dblX4)
Text11.Text = binX5
Text12.Text = strX6
End Sub
Private Sub Form_Load()
End Sub
Dastur kodida quyiq-qiya shaklda operatorlar ajratilib yozilgan.
Ob’yekt
|
Xossa
|
O‘rnatilgan qiymatlar
|
Label1
|
Caption
Font
BackColor
|
Integer turidagi butun son
|
Label2
|
Caption
Font
BackColor
|
Long turidagi uzun butun son
|
Label3
|
Caption
Font
BackColor
|
Single turidagi siljuvchi nuqtali son
|
Label4
|
Caption
Font
BackColor
|
Double turidagi siljuvchi nuqtali son
|
Label5
|
Caption
Font
BackColor
|
Boolean turidagi mantiqiy qiymat
|
Label6
|
Caption
Font
BackColor
|
String turidagi qator
|
Label7
|
Caption
Font
BackColor
|
Kiritish maydoni
|
Label8
|
Caption
Font
BackColor
|
Natijalar maydoni
|
Command1
|
Caption
|
Tugatish
|
Command2
|
Caption
|
Natihani ko‘rsatish
|
Text1
Text2
Text3
Text4
Text5
Text6
Text7
Text8
Text9
Text10
Text11
Text12
|
Text
|
Text xossasi maydoni tozalash
|
10.9-rasm
10.10-rasm
10.10. Asosiy matematik operatorlar
Matematik operatorlar sonlar ustida hisoblashlarni bajarishga imkon beradi.
Operatorlar
|
Bajariladigan amallar
|
+
|
Qo‘shish
|
-
|
Ayirish
|
*
|
Ko‘paytirish
|
/
|
Bo‘lish
|
\
|
Butun sonli bo‘lish
|
mod
|
Qoldiq
|
/\
|
Darajaga oshirish
|
Ustuvorliklar (Prioritetlar)
Matematik operatorlar ifodalarni kiritish uchun tavsiya qilingan. Ifoda bitta operatorga bog‘lik bo‘lgan o‘zgaruvchilardan, qiymatlardan, funksiyadan tashkil topishi mumkin. Agar ifodada qavslar yo‘q bo‘lsa, operatorlar quyidagi tartib bo‘yicha bajariladi:
Darajaga oshirish.
Ko‘paytirish va bo‘lish.
Butun sonli bo‘lish.
Bo‘linmadan olingan qoldiq.
Qo‘shish va ayirish.
Ifodada hisoblash tartibini o‘zgartirish uchun oddiy qavslar ishlatiladi. Masalan, (d-c*(a-b))/(a+b) formulasida avval a-b amali so‘ng natijani c ga ko‘paytmasi, olingan ko‘paytma d dan ayirmasi, undan keyin esa a+b amali va nihoyat birinchi olingan natija ikkinchisiga bo‘linadi. Ifodadagi qavslar soni chegaralanmagan, lekin shuni esta tutish kerak, ya’ni qavslar – juftli belgilar. Har bir ochilgan qavs uchun o‘zining yopilgan qavsi ham bo‘lishi shart.
Amallarning bajarilishi natijasining turi operandlarning turlariga bog‘lik bo‘ladi. Agar ikkala operand ham butun bo‘lsa, qo‘shish, ayirish, ko‘paytirish va butun sonli darajaga oshirish amallari natijasi butun bo‘ladi. Agar hech bo‘masa bitta (yoki ikkita) operand haqiqiy bo‘lsa, natija haqiqiy bo‘ladi.
5-misol: Asosiy matematik operatorlar ishlatilgan loyiha
Quyidagi turdagi formani yaratingiz:
10.11-rasm
Ob’yekt
|
Xossa
|
O‘rnatilgan qiymatlari
|
Form1
|
Caption
|
Matematik amallarni bajarish
|
Label1
|
Caption
Font
BackColor
|
Butun a ni kiriting
|
Label2
|
Caption
Font
BackColor
|
Butun b ni kiriting
|
Label3
|
Caption
Font
BackColor
|
Haqiqiy x ni kiriting
|
Label4
|
Caption
Font
BackColor
|
Haqiqiy y ni kiriting
|
Label5
|
Caption
Font
BackColor
|
BUTUN
|
Label6
|
Caption
Font
BackColor
|
HAQIQIY
|
Label7
|
Caption
Font
BackColor
|
YIG‘INDI
|
Label8
|
Caption
Font
BackColor
|
AYIRMA
|
Label9
|
Caption
Font
BackColor
|
KO‘PAYTMA
|
Label10
|
Caption
Font
BackColor
|
BO‘LINMA
|
Label11
|
Caption
Font
BackColor
|
BUTUN SONLI BO‘LINMA
|
Label12
|
Caption
Font
BackColor
|
QOLDIQ
|
Label13
|
Caption
Font
BackColor
|
SONNING KUBI
|
Label14
|
Caption
Font
BackColor
|
KUBIK ILDIZ
|
Command1
|
Caption
|
Amallar natijasi
|
Command2
|
Caption
|
Yakunlash
|
Text1, Text2,
Text3, Text4,
Text5, Text6,
Text7, Text8,
Text9, Text10,
Text11, Text12,
Text13, Text14,
Text15, Text16,
Text17, Text18,
Text19, Text20
|
Text
|
Text xossasi maydonini tozalash
|
Dastur kodi
Option Explicit
Private Sub Command1_Click()
Dim inta As Integer, intb As Integer
Dim dblx As Double, dbly As Double
Dim intsum As Integer, intsubstr As Integer
Dim intmult As Integer, intdiv As Integer
Dim intmod As Integer, intsqr As Integer
Dim dblsum As Double, dblsubstr As Double
Dim dblmult As Double, dbldiv As Double
Dim dblsqr As Double, dblsqrt As Double
Dim dbldiv1 As Double, dblsqrt1 As Double
inta = Val(Text1.Text)
intb = Val(Text2.Text)
dblx = Val(Text3.Text)
dbly = Val(Text4.Text)
intsum = inta + intb
intsubstr = inta - intb
intmult = inta * intb
dbldiv1 = inta / intb
intdiv = inta \ intb
intmod = inta Mod intb
intsqr = inta ^ 3
dblsqrt1 = inta ^ (1 / 3)
dblsum = dblx + dbly
dblsubstr = dblx - dbly
dblmult = dblx * dbly
dbldiv = dblx / dbly
dblsqr = dblx ^ 3
dblsqrt = dblx ^ (1 / 3)
Text5.Text = Str(intsum)
Text7.Text = Str(intsubstr)
Text9.Text = Str(intmult)
Text11.Text = Str(dbldiv1)
Text13.Text = Str(intdiv)
Text15.Text = Str(intmod)
Text17.Text = Str(intsqr)
Text19.Text = Str(dblsqrt1)
Text6.Text = Str(dblsum)
Text8.Text = Str(dblsubstr)
Text10.Text = Str(dblmult)
Text12.Text = Str(dbldiv)
Text18.Text = Str(dblsqr)
Text20.Text = Str(dblsqrt)
End Sub
Private Sub Command2_Click()
End
End Sub
10.12-rasm
10.13-rasm
10.11. Visual Basicning matematik funksiyalari
Matematik funksiyalar qiymatlar qaytaradi. Ular o‘zgaruvchiga qiymat o‘zlashtirilganda va ifodalarni hisoblashda ishlatilishi mumkin. n – funksiya argumenti va funksiya tarkibi sonli qiymatga ega bo‘lishi yoki sonli turdagi o‘zgaruvchi bo‘lishi mumkin.
Funksiyalar
|
Bajaradigan vazifalari
|
Abs(n)
|
n ning absolyut qiymatini qaytaradi
|
Atn(n)
|
n ning arktangensini radianlarda qaytaradi
|
Cos(n)
|
n ning kosinus burchagini qaytaradi. n burchak radianlarda beriladi.
|
Exp(n)
|
n ning eksponentasini qaytaradi
|
Rnd
|
0 dan 1 gacha bo‘lgan intervaldagi tasodifiy sonni qaytaradi
|
Sgn(n)
|
Agar n noldan kichik bo‘lsa -1 ni, n nolga teng bo‘lsa nolni va n noldan katta bo‘lsa 0 ni qaytaradi.
|
Sin(n)
|
n ning sinus burchagini qaytaradi. n burchak radianlarda beriladi.
|
Sqr(n)
|
n dan chiqarilgan kvadrat ildizni qiymatini qaytaradi
|
Tan(n)
|
n ning tangens burchagini qaytaradi. n burchak radianlarda beriladi.
|
|
