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Volume 1 Issue 1Bog'liq 3. Yakubova,DusmurodovaPage | 20
Volume 1 Issue 1
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January 2024
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ORIENTAL JOURNAL OF MEDICINE AND NATURAL SCIENCES
“Innovative World” Scientific Research Support Center www.inno-world.uz
(WHO), as of 2016, an estimated 67% of the global population under the age of 50
had HSV-1 infection (oral or genital), with underestimations due to asymptomatic
cases [2]. HSV-1 commonly manifests as painful vesicular lesions in the oral and
perioral areas, occasionally causing genital manifestations [2].
The natural history of HSV-1 involves primary infection, latent infection, and
reactivation. Primary infection may be asymptomatic or result in mild symptoms,
with 13–30% of cases presenting as primary herpetic gingivostomatitis (PHGS),
most commonly occurring in children aged 6 months to 5 years and young adults.
The incubation period ranges from 2 to 15 days, with prodromal signs preceding
specific manifestations, including painful vesicles, gingival swelling, and oral
mucosal lesions. Extraoral manifestations are less common but may involve the
pharynx, nose, eyes, lymph nodes, and skin [10, 11].
Diagnosis of PHGS is primarily clinical, supported by laboratory tests such as
serological assays, the Tzanck test, immunofluorescence, and viral culture.
Differential diagnosis involves distinguishing PHGS from other ulcerative
diseases. Although PHGS is usually self-limiting, it can lead to complications such
as erythema multiforme, aseptic meningitis, and encephalitis, particularly in
immunocompromised individuals. Severe cases may necessitate hospitalization
due to dehydration caused by difficulties in eating and drinking, particularly in
children [11].
Given the potential for discomfort and reduced quality of life, various therapeutic
approaches for PHGS have been proposed, ranging from supportive care to
antiviral treatments like oral acyclovir within the first 72 hours of disease onset.
However, the lack of consensus highlights gaps in existing evidence, with only one
previous systematic review focusing on the effectiveness of systemic acyclovir for
PHGS. This systematic review aims to address this gap by comprehensively
collecting and critically appraising available evidence on therapeutic strategies
for managing PHGS
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