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Means of physical culture
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Bog'liq Taza JMN OMK 2 kurs UZB 2021Means of physical culture: 1) exercise; 2) nature; 3) hygiene factors; 4) information technology.
The scope of activities of physical culture: 1) mass physical culture; 2) medical physical culture; 3) sports (Olympic sport and sport for all); 4) adaptive physical culture (adaptive and sport).
Mass physical culture. Mass physical culture shapes the physical activity of people in the process of physical education and self-education for their overall physical development and health, improving mobility, improving physical condition and posture, practice physical rest.
Physical rest is physical activities and entertainment with physical exercise, outdoor games, various sports, as well as natural forces of nature that give pleasure and achieve good health and mood, and restore mental and physical performance.
Therapeutic Physical culture. The other, received the order directs physical forms of medical physical culture (physical rehabilitation), which uses specially selected physical exercises for treatment and recovery of body functions affected by illness, injury, fatigue, and other causes.
Sport traditional expression "Physical culture and sport", presented not only beyond the physical in the narrow sense of the term, but the framework of physical culture in the broad sense, since it also includes the sports (e.g., chess, checkers, bridge, Billiards, shooting, a number of technical kinds of sports, etc.) not directly associated with a big engine.
Sports activity performs the following social functions: 1) sport as a competitive activity; 2) sport as a tool for integrated human development; 3) health and recreational function of sports; 4) sport as spectacle, i.e., the aesthetic property of sports; 5) sport as a sphere of wider social relationships; 6) economic importance of sport.
Physical education is an integral part of the overall education, training, pedagogical process aimed at the study of human personal values of physical culture. It includes: 1) sports, 2) physical, 3) aesthetic, 4) health, 4) ethics, 5) acmeological training.
The founder of scientific system of physical education (physical education) in Russia, the Russian teacher, anatomist and doctor Pyotr Frantsevich Lesgaft (1837-1909). Established in 1896, "the preparation of teachers and leaders in physical education" - the first Russian higher educational institution for training specialists in physical education, the prototype of the modern Saint-Petersburg University of physical culture. P. F. Lesgaft. The graduates receive the professional higher physical education. In two universities, students receive a General (non-professional, General) physical education.
Physical development is a biological process of formation and change of the natural morphological and functional properties of the human body during his life (height, weight, chest circumference, vital capacity, maximum oxygen consumption, strength, speed, endurance, flexibility, agility, etc.).
Physical development manageable. Physical development to a certain extent due to the laws of heredity, the law of age limits, the law of the unity of organism and environment. Physical development is closely linked with human health.
Physical fitness is the external manifestation of the level of physical activity: the level of development of physical qualities (strength, speed, endurance, flexibility, agility) and level of proficiency in locomotor skills needed for successful implementation of a particular kind of human activity (professional work, military service, sports, etc.).). In the practice of physical education physical fitness is determined by the results of special tests. Required fitness level is achieved by physical exercises called physical education.
Physical training and its result – physical fitness can be of a General nature (General physical training or preparedness – GPP), and focuses on specific activities (special physical training or preparedness).
General physical preparation is aimed at achieving a certain level of development of basic physical qualities, life-skills and is one of the main components of the process of physical education.
On the basis of General physical preparedness is built special exercises, in particular, sports and professional-applied physical training (SPT), which are equally important components of process of physical education.
Sport, physical education, aimed at focused development of those physical qualities and improve those motor skills which ensure success in a particular sport.
Professionally-applied physical training (SPT) provides for the development and improvement of professionally important physical and mental qualities, as well as improving General (nonspecific) resistance of body to adverse conditions of professional activity.
Functional readiness of the organism to physical load. Symptoms physical fitness of an individual is provided by the operation (functioning) of the musculoskeletal, respiratory, cardiovascular, nervous and other body systems. The state of body systems, their reaction to the test exercise to determine functional readiness of the organism to physical load. Functional readiness of the individual systems of the body is estimated using the so-called functional tests.
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