• Yechish: = 6-masala
  • 134,96 8-masala
    		•

    Eritmalar termodinamikasi




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    Bog'liq
    Eritmalar termodinamikasi reja Kirish. I. Eritmalar termodinami

    Yechish:
    T=T- T0 bo 'lgani uchun:
    t - t 0= E -mi =0,516-1,83 ,
    t-99,605=0,9443,
    t=0,9443+99,605=100,55°C.
    Demak, gfyukoza eritmasi 100,55°C da qaynaydi.
    4- masala. Muzlash harorati —1°C bo'lgan glyukozaning suvli eritmasini
    konsentratsiyasi qanday bo‘ladi?
    Berilgan: t= -1°C; to=0°C; t=t0- t=0 - (-1)=1°C; K= 1,86; Mglyukoza _ 180. Noma’lum: m1=?; m2=?

    Yechish:
    1) Tmuz=K –mi formuladan m2 hisoblanadi
    Tmuz=K –mi dan
    2) Glyukozaning massasi: m=m1*M=0,5376-180=96,768 g.
    3) Eritmaning massasi: m=1000+96,768=1096,768 g.
    41 Eritmaning % konsentratsiyasi: 1096,768 : 96,768 = 100 : x;
    x=8,823 % li.
    5-masala. Eritma —5°C da muzlamasligi uchun 11 suvda qancha glitserin
    eritilishi kerak?
    Berilgan: t= -5°C; t0=0°C; t=0 - (-5)=5°C; K=1,86; Mgl=92; g=1000 g.
    Noma’lum: m=?
    Yechish:
    =

    6-masala: Temir va ko‘mirning suyuq aralashmasida 6% C bor. Sof holdagi
    temiming suyuqlanish haroratini molyar pasayishi 13,18°C, suyuqlanish
    harorati esa 1530 K ga teng bo‘lsa, suyuqlanma necha gradusda qotadi?
    Berilgan: m=6%: T0 Fe =1530 K; K=\3.18°C.
    Noma’lum: T=?
    Yechish:
    1) 1 kg suyuqlanmadagi ko'mirning massasi hisoblanadi:
    100 :6 = 1000 : x; x=60 g.
    2) Ko ‘mirni mol miqdori hisoblanadi:

    3) T=K*n yoki T 0 — T=K*n bundan
    1530 – T=13,18*5=65,9,
    -T=65,9 - 1530 (-1),
    T-1530 - 65,9=1464,1 K.
    7-masala:Zichligi 0,879 g/ml bo’lgan 10 ml benzolda 0,554 g naftalin
    eritilgan. Eritma 2,981°C da qotadi. Benzolning muzlash harorati 5,5°C ga,
    suyuqlanish solishtirma issiqligi 127,4 J/g ga teng bo’lsa, eritmadagi
    naftalinning molekulyar massasi qancha bo’lishi mumkin?
    =0,872g/ml; V=10 ml; m=V*g=0,879*10= 8,79g; t2=5,5°C:
    t1=2,981°C;
    T0=5,5+273=278,5 K;T=2,981+273=275,981 K: R= 8,314 J/mol*K
    T =278,5 - 275,981=2,519°C; m=0,554 g; m0 =8,79 g; ls = 127,4 J/g.
    Noma’lum: K=? M=?
    Yechish:

    134,96
    8-masala: Noelektrolit eritma -2,2°C da muzlaydi. Eritmani qaynash harorati
    va 273 K da bosimi qanday bo‘ladi? Shu haroratda toza suvni bug‘ bosimi
    2327,8 Pa ga teng.

    Berilgan: T0=273 K; t= -2,2°C; t=0 - (-2,2)=2,2°C; K =1,86; T1 =373 K;


    E= 0,52 K/mol; 0= 2 3 3 7 ,8 Pa.
    Noma’lum: t2 =? p=?
    Yechish:
    1)
    Tqay=E mi
    t1=373+ =373+06151=373,6151 K; T2=373,6151
    3) Sharl va Gey-Lyussak qonunlari asosida bug ‘ hosimi hisoblanadi:


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