INDEPENDENT WORK
Project for English «Global problems»
Written by 1st year student faculty of
economics
Allashukirov Sultanbek
Teacher : Elmanov Q.
Nukus Innovation Institut
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Introduction
What are Global Problems? Global problems are not just important problems,
or problems that affect many people. Rather they are those problems that affect the
whole of the planet, and potentially all of the people who live on it. Climate change
is one clear example that springs to mind quickly.
Global problems are not just important problems, or
problems that affect many
people. Rather they are those problems that affect the whole of the planet, and
potentially all of the people who live on it. Climate change is one clear example
that springs to mind quickly. This is because
the consequences of humanly-
generated changes in the atmosphere will, albeit in different ways according to
region, affect everyone on the planet. In other words, the consequences are
universal. Moreover, unless we profoundly change our collective behaviour,
climate change may well result in irreversible changes in the climatic
conditions of
life – a measure of the deep vulnerability of human society in the face of this issue.
And it is easy to see that there will be no easy solution to the problem: the causes
of the present situation are clearly related to our economic system, our
attitudes to
nature, our political organization, our technological capacities and preferences, and
our uses of resources. Solutions will involve not just all communities and every
country, but solutions will necessarily involve cooperation between all, rather than
individual approaches. In other words, the example of climate change suggests that
global problems are complex, intractable, and make human society as a whole very
vulnerable.
A global issue is a matter of public concern worldwide. This list of
global issues presents problems or phenomena affecting people around the world,
including but not limited to widespread social issues, economic issues, and
environmental issues. Organizations that maintain or have
published an official list
of global issues include the United Nations, and the World Economic Forum. No
single issue can be analysed, treated, or isolated from the others. For example,
habitat loss and climate change adversely affect biodiversity. Deforestation and
pollution are direct consequences of overpopulation and both, in turn, affect
biodiversity. While overpopulation locally leads to rural flight, this is more than
counterbalanced by accelerating urbanization and urban sprawl. Theories like the
world-system theory and the Gaia hypothesis focus on the inter-dependency aspect
of environmental and economic issues. Among the most evident environmental
problems are:
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Overconsumption – situation where resource use has outpaced the
sustainable capacity of the ecosystem. This, along with overpopulation, are
the primary factors affecting the severity of all of
the rest of the issues on
this list.
Overpopulation – too many people for the planet to sustain.
Biodiversity loss
Deforestation
Desertification
Global warming/climate change
Habitat destruction
Holocene extinction
Ocean acidification
Ozone depletion
Pollution
Waste
and waste disposal
Water pollution
Resource depletion
Urban sprawl
