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Bar scale. See graphic scale.
Base data
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Bog'liq Judith A. Tyner. Principles of map design. New York. „The Guilford Press”, 2010Bar scale. See graphic scale.
Base data. Fundamental information such as coastlines, boundaries, and the like that pro-
vides a framework for thematic data.
Base line. (1) A surveyed line to which other surveys are referred. (2) In typography, the line
on which letters are arranged.
Base map. A map used as a primary source for compilation (see Source map) or as a frame-
work on which new detail in printed.
Binary color schemes. A scheme that uses only two hues or one hue plus lightness to represent
“either–or” situations, such as rural/urban, forest/grassland, and the like.
Bivariate cartograms. A value-by-area cartogram on which one variable is shown by the car-
togram and another variable by shading or coloring the areas.
Bivariate choropleth. A choropleth map that shows two related variables.
Bleeding. A bleeding edge is an edge of a map to which printed detail extends after the
paper has been trimmed. Extending the mapped area through the normal border is
also called “bleeding the map.”
Cadastral map. A map that delineates property boundaries.
Callout. A label that is not adjacent to its symbol, but has a line or arrow pointing to the
symbol. Often the label is enclosed in a frame.
Cartogram. An abstracted and simplified map for which the base is not true to geographic
scale. In the most common forms, the areas of features are drawn according to a value,
such as population, or a time scale is used instead of a distance scale. See also Linear
cartogram and Value-by-area cartogram.
Cartography. The art, science, and technology of making maps, together with their study as
scientific documents and works of art.
Center point cartogram. A cartogram that shows distance on a time scale from a center
point.
Chernoff faces. A symbol that shows multivariate data as a human face with individual fea-
tures, eyes, nose, mouth, and the like, representing the values of the variables. Intro-
duced in 1973 by Herman Chernoff.
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