• Equal-area projection
  • Equidistant projections
  • Exaggeration
  • Format
    		•

    Tyner indb




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    Judith A. Tyner. Principles of map design. New York. „The Guilford Press”, 2010

    Dynamic symbols. Static symbols that give an impression of action or movement, such as 
    bomb bursts or flames.
    Earth’s grid. The system of parallels and meridians on the earth or a globe. Also called the 
    “graticule.”
    Electromagnetic spectrum. The ordered array of known electromagnetic radiations from 
    cosmic rays at the short-wavelength end of the spectrum to radio waves at the long-
    wavelength end of the spectrum. Electromagnetic energy is all energy that moves with 
    the speed of light.
    Equal-area projection. A map projection that preserves a uniform area scale. Also called an 
    “equivalent” projection.
    Equator. An imaginary great circle drawn around the surface of the earth midway between 
    the north and south poles. It divides the earth into two equal hemispheres and is des-
    ignated as 0° latitude.
    Equidistant projections. Projections that show distance correctly along certain lines or from 
    certain points.
    Equivalent projections. Projections on which countries, continents, and other areas maintain 
    their correct areal scale. Also called “equal-area” projections.
    Exaggeration. An operation of generalization in which features are made larger.
    External base data. These include title, legend, scale, north arrow, grid, and text. The exter-
    nal base data have an explanatory function.
    Figure–ground relationship. The relationship between the main shape or figure in a graphic 
    display and the background.
    Flow line. A linear symbol whose width varies in direct proportion to the quantity repre-
    sented.
    Font. All the letters, numbers, special characters, and variations of a typeface.

    appendix C. glossary 237
    Format. The size and shape of a map.
    Generalization. A basic cartographic procedure that reduces the amount of information pre-
    sented in order to create a clearer communication. Because maps are drawn smaller 
    than reality, they must be generalized. The processes involved in generalization are 
    selection, simplification, classification, and symbolization.

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