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«Zamonaviy dunyoda pedagogika va psixologiya»
nomli 10-son ilmiy, masofaviy, onlayn
konferensiya
IMPORTANCE OF LESSON PLANS IN TEACHING PROCESS.
Xaydarova Nigina Ganiyevna
Bukhara State University
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6320865
Planning ahead to identify a course of action that can effectively reach goals and
objectives is an important
first step in any process, and education is no exception. In
education, the planning tool is the lesson plan, which is a detailed description of an
instructor‟s course of instruction for an individual lesson intended to help learners achieve a
particular learning objective. Lesson plans communicate to learners what they will learn and
how they will be assessed, and they help
instructors organize content, materials, time,
instructional strategies, and assistance in the class-room. Lesson planning helps English as a
second language (ESL), adult basic education (ABE), adult secondary education (ASE), and
other instructors create a smooth instructional flow and scaffold instruction for learners.
The Lesson Planning Process
Before the
actual delivery of a lesson, instructors engage in a planning process. During this
process, they determine the
lesson topic (if states have implemented content standards, the
topic should derive from them). From the topic derive the lesson
objective or
desired
results–the concepts and ideas that learners are expected
to develop and the specific
knowledge and skills that learners are expected to acquire and use at the end of the lesson.
Objectives are critical to effective instruction, because they help instructors plan the
instructional strategies and activities they will use, including the materials and resources to
support learning. It is essential that the objective be clear and describe the intended learning
outcome. Objectives can communicate to learners what is expected of them–but only if they
are shared with learners in an accessible manner. Instructional
objectives must be specific,
outcome-based, and measurable, and they must describe learner behavior. Heinich et al.
(2001) refer to the
ABCD‟s of writing objectives:
•
Audience – learners for whom the objective is written (e.g., ESL, ABE, GED);
•
Behavior – the verb that describes what the audience will be able to do (e.g.,
describe,
explain, locate, synthesize, argue, communicate);
•
Condition – the circumstances under which the audience will perform the behavior (e.g.,
when a learner obtains medicine from the pharmacy he or she will be able to read the
dosage); and
•
Degree – acceptable performance of the behavior (i.e., how well the learner performs the
behavior).
