661
•
this is an electronic publication, partially
or completely replacing or
supplementing the textbook and officially approved as this type of publication.
•
it is a text presented in electronic form and equipped with an extensive system of
links that allows you to instantly move from one of its fragments to another in accordance
with a certain hierarchy of fragments.
Electronic means of educational purposes, which include information on electronic and
magnetic media and software products, have a huge potential in improving the quality of
education and providing educational content.
The point of view is generally recognized, according to which “the use of electronic
means of educational purposes in the learning process leads, first of all, to a change in the
educational process: the rapid growth in the availability of information and information
tools; reducing the relationship between the growth of learning opportunities and its
quality.
The main requirements for electronic means of educational purposes, which are defined
as:
•
the adequacy of the content, the completeness of the presentation of educational
material, sufficient for mastering the discipline (section of the discipline);
support for
various forms of education (correspondence and full-time, individual and collective);
support for various types of classes (the study of theoretical material, practical and
laboratory work), support for various forms of knowledge control (frontier, final, self-
control); taking into account the latest trends in science and technology;
•
the effectiveness of information presentation forms: simplicity and ease of use,
ergonomics, student activity support, communication with the teacher and fellow students,
protection against destruction, the possibility of recovering
lost information;
•
economic efficiency of the training system: long service life, possibility of
modernization during operation, low cost and price, reasonable configuration of the
necessary technical and system-wide means.
There are the following forms of electronic textbooks from which a textbook can be
built.
Test. Externally, this is the simplest form of an electronic textbook. The main difficulty is
the selection
and formulation of questions, as well as the interpretation of answers to
questions.
Encyclopedia. This is the basic form of an electronic textbook. At the content level, the
term encyclopedia means that the information contained in an electronic textbook must be
complete and even redundant in relation to educational standards.
Task book. The task book in the electronic textbook most naturally performs the
function of learning. The student receives educational information that is necessary to
solve a specific problem.
Creative environment. Modern electronic textbooks should ensure the student's creative
work with the objects of study and with models of systems of interacting objects. The
creative environment allows students to work collectively on a project.
Author's environment. An electronic textbook should be adaptable to the educational
process. That is, allow to take into account the features of a particular educational
institution, a particular specialty, a particular student. This
requires an appropriate
authoring environment.
non-verbal environment. Traditionally, e-textbooks are verbal in nature. They present
the theory in textual or graphical form. This is the legacy of printing publications. But in the
electronic textbook it is possible to implement the methodical method "do as I do". Such an
environment endows the electronic textbook with the features of a living teacher.
The listed forms of an electronic textbook can be implemented as separate electronic
textbooks or grouped within a single ensemble.
