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Ta’lim tizimida innovatsiya va ularning amaliy tadbiqlari: muammolar va yechimlar
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| bet | 46/58 | | Sana | 19.06.2024 | | Hajmi | 12,81 Mb. | | #264316 |
Bog'liq “Ta’lim tizimida innovatsiya va ularning amaliy tadbiqlari muammolar va yechimlar”Foydalanilgan adabiyotlar:
Z.To‘laganova “Tarbiyasi qiyin o‘smirlar”. Toshkent 2005-yil.
Z.Nishonova, D.Abdullayeva, G.Baykunusova. “O‘smirlik davri psixodiagnostikasi va psixokorreksiyasi” Toshkent 2015 yil.
Adizova T.M O‘quvchilarning shaxslararo munosabatlarini psixoloik diagnostikasi va korreksiyasion ishlari.-Toshkent,TDPU,1997.1.
Sh.Xollilova “Tarbiyasi qiyin o‘quvchilar bilan ishlash metodikasi” uslubiy qo‘llanma.Toshkent 2015 yil.
Axmedova M. “Shaxs psixodiagnostikasi”.T:.2010 yil.
RUSSIAN LITERATURE IN THE MODERN WORLD
Adzheminova Elvina Rifatovna
lecturer at Fergana State University, supervisor
nochkaelvi@gmail.com
Abstract: Russian literature has a history of more than a thousand years. Each of its stages has its own characteristic features - ancient Russian literature is characterized by historicism and didacticism, literature of the 19th century is characterized by a departure from the traditional genre system and the emergence of close attention to the inner world of man.
Key words: history, language barrier, literature, culture, cultural differences, modern teaching methods.
Russian literature has a history of more than a thousand years. Each of its stages has its own characteristic features - ancient Russian literature is characterized by historicism and didacticism, literature of the 19th century is characterized by a departure from the traditional genre system and the emergence of close attention to the inner world of man, literature of the Soviet era is characterized by patriotic sentiments and heroic pathos. All these stages in the life of Russian literature are familiar to Russian-speaking readers - they are studied at school, and detailed information about them can easily be found on the Internet. It is very ironic that the most mysterious part of the history of Russian literature is modern literature. Most people have a rather poor idea of what is happening in the literary world of Russia today. The events of recent decades, which radically changed the lives of Russians, were reflected in literature, changing it too. Modern Russian literature is a unique era in the development of literary art in development. Criticism, literary magazines and numerous literary prizes played a significant role in the development of the modern literary process. If during the period of thaw and stagnation in literature only the method of socialist realism was welcomed, then the modern literary process is characterized by the coexistence of different directions.
One of the most interesting cultural phenomena of the second half of the 20th century is postmodernism - a trend not only in literature, but also in all humanities disciplines. Postmodernism emerged in the West in the late 60s and early 70s. It was a search for a synthesis between modernism and mass culture, the destruction of any mythologies. Modernism strove for the new, which initially denied the old, classical art. Postmodernism arose not after modernism, but next to it. He does not deny everything old, but tries to ironically rethink it. Postmodernists turn to convention, deliberate literary quality in the works they create, and combine the stylistics of different genres and literary eras.
The notoriety of modern literature rests on the first post-Soviet literature - greedy, uncontrolled, and often rude. The rise of literature and changes in it, however, did not at all mean an increase in reader interest. A typical resident of Russia in the 90s was not trying to read Zamyatin’s novel - he was trying to get a place in line at the grocery store. The nationwide decline in culture and art caused by the “roaring nineties” greatly influenced the reader. And not for the better.
The traditional genre system, destroyed in the 19th century, is practically forgotten in modern literature. The works of modern Russian authors are created in all possible genres, often in hybrid genres or those that cannot be accurately identified. Mass literature and postmodern literature are especially widespread in the modern world. Mass literature is entertaining literature, simple and accessible reading that does not require deep thought but contains an interesting plot. Mass literature includes modern fantasy, science fiction, detective stories, melodramas, and so on. Mass literature in Russia is the most widely read because it deliberately tries to attract the attention of many different social groups.
Serious books were still written in those years and, albeit in small editions, reached the reader. The reason is that there was no powerful PR machine, which we have now; there was no mechanism for making names. Prizes did not play a special role. They have not yet become a method of commercial promotion. And at the beginning of the 21st century, the Russian book market has no equal in its pace of development. In 2004, more than 850 million units of books were published for one and a half hundred million people in Russia, including infants and elderly people who no longer want or cannot read. Today in Russia there is a kind of boom in fiction. Everyone has a whole palette of authors and genres. Or it's a Russian classic. The names of Tolstoy, Chekhov, Dostoevsky say a lot to readers in various parts of our planet.
We live in the era of computerization, television, and high technology. One keystroke and you can easily find all the information you are interested in, but no technical devices can replace people’s pleasant hours of communication with books. Books are our wonderful and faithful friends, who can enrich our inner world, dispel anxieties, doubts, and resentments. For some, it is much easier to watch a film based on a book that interests you, but it may not contain interesting, funny, and witty expressions that you would like, remember, make you laugh and make you think. Most of all fiction is about man. Her calling is to help us understand what each of us should value in life, in friends and loved ones. If we summarize the data obtained, we can say that the structure of leisure time has changed dramatically over the past decades, and reading books occupies a less prominent place in it, but there is a reading public.
True, there is another side to this phenomenon - today every serious writer has such a narrow circle of readers, people who truly appreciate him, and this situation is extremely atypical for Russia. But mass literature has gained wide scope, in which everything is not done at the highest level.
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