Ultra fast cnn based Hardware Computing Platform Concepts for adas visual Sensors and Evolutionary Mobile Robots

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Bog'liq
Alireza Fasih

6.

Emulation of analog computing on FPGA
In this chapter the focus lies on the following research question:
“How far can the
advantages of analog computing be used/gained through an emulation of analog computing
on digital hardware platforms like FPGA?”

6.1

Introduction
The main advantage of analog computing is that we can simultaneously get the result of
complex mathematic equations [108] [109]. All signals are running in parallel and in real-
time and electrical elements can compute simultaneously. In the traditional analog
computing approach/concepts we do face a scaling problem for the dynamic range of
computing. All the components are limited in the range of their respective dynamics and
one does also face problems related to noise and high voltage. Therefore, it is not possible
to compute any dynamic range and one has to always rescale the ranges. Another
disadvantage of classical analog computing is that the solutions appear immediately in
real-time and eventually on cannot easily record or analyze them. We can alleviate all of
these problems by using the advantages of digital systems like FPGA.
Traditionally, analog computers were using OP-
AMP’s (operation amplifiers) to model
“adder”, “subtraction”, “multiplier”, and “integrator”. We can however model all of these
functions by digit
al circuits in FPGA. The “Digital Differential Analyzer (DDA)” is a
functional block to compute the integral of a function over time. To get more speedup we
can use fix- point calculations instead of floating point one. Therefore, we must check the
range of values and the level of accuracy for assigning sufficient reserve bits for both the
integer and the fraction part. By emulating analog computing on a digital platform like
FPGA we can get the solution in real-time without any limitation in scaling voltage since
instead of voltages we are dealing (in digital circuits) with registers, fixed-point operators

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and data. Another advantage is that one does not need any extra converter for storing data
in memory as they are already in digital form. Further, we have full control on the clock
rate; and this also a great advantage of using FPGA and digital architectures. Setup time,
debugging and reconfiguring the digital emulation of analog computing is are so fast and
flexible that the digital emulation appears immensely much better than the traditional
analog computing systems.

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